Highway bridges play a significant role in maintaining safety and functionality of the society. The immediate damage of highway bridges caused by natural hazards can disrupt transportation systems, impede rescue and recovery activities. This disruption may result in tremendous financial and societal losses. Therefore, assessing vulnerability, recovery capability, and potential losses of bridges under natural hazards becomes a primary concern to decision-makers to facilitate the emergency response and recovery efforts. Under these concerns, resilience is a paramount performance indicator to evaluate and recover the functionality of structural systems under extreme events. In this article, an integrated framework for long-term resilience and loss assessment of highway bridges under multiple independent natural hazards is presented. The impacts of extreme events such as earthquakes, hurricanes and floods on the life-cycle performance of bridges are illustrated. A stochastic renewal process model of the random occurrence of hazard events is used to compute the expected long-term resilience and damage loss by considering both time-independent and time varying occurrence characteristics. The proposed approach is applied to a bridge by considering the impacts of earthquake and hurricane hazards. The proposed framework can be implemented to the design, maintenance and retrofit optimisation of infrastructure systems under multiple extreme events.

公路桥梁在维护社会安全和功能方面发挥着重要作用。自然灾害造成的公路桥梁直接损坏会破坏运输系统，阻碍救援和恢复活动。这种破坏可能导致巨大的经济和社会损失。因此，评估易损性，恢复能力以及自然灾害下桥梁的潜在损失成为决策者首要考虑的问题，以促进应急响应和恢复工作。在这些问题下，弹性是评估和恢复极端事件下结构系统功能的最重要性能指标。在本文中，提出了一种在多种独立自然灾害下对公路桥梁进行长期回弹和损失评估的综合框架。阐述了地震，飓风和洪水等极端事件对桥梁生命周期性能的影响。随机发生的危险事件随机更新过程模型用于通过考虑时间无关和时变的发生特征来计算预期的长期弹性和破坏损失。通过考虑地震和飓风危害的影响，将所提出的方法应用于桥梁。所提出的框架可以在多种极端事件下用于基础设施系统的设计，维护和改造优化。通过考虑时间独立和时变的发生特征，使用随机发生的危险事件随机更新过程模型来计算预期的长期弹性和破坏损失。通过考虑地震和飓风危害的影响，将所提出的方法应用于桥梁。所提出的框架可以在多种极端事件下用于基础设施系统的设计，维护和改造优化。通过考虑时间独立和时变的发生特征，使用随机发生的危险事件随机更新过程模型来计算预期的长期弹性和破坏损失。通过考虑地震和飓风危害的影响，将所提出的方法应用于桥梁。所提出的框架可以在多种极端事件下实现基础设施系统的设计，维护和改造优化。