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Enhancement of Tetrahedral Chromium ($\text{Cr}^{4+}$) Concentration For High-Gain in Single-Mode Crystalline Core Fibers
IEEE Photonics Journal ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1109/jphot.2020.2974802
Chun-Nien Liu , Jhuo-Wei Li , Yung-Hsiang Tung , Chun-Chuen Yang , Wei-Chih Cheng , Sheng-Lung Huang , Wood-Hi Cheng

Tetrahedral chromium (Cr4+)-ions is the main contributor to gain in the broadband single-mode Cr-doped crystalline core fibers (SCCFs). We have demonstrated a gross gain of 8-dB on a length of 27-cm for a 300-nm broadband SCCF using a thermal annealing technique. Gross gain and fiber length are the highest yet reported for the SCCF. The record gain is mainly due to both the longer fiber by aligned molten-zone growth and Cr4+-ions enhancement by thermal annealing. The enhancement mechanism of the Cr4+-ions in the SCCF is experimentally verified by the means of superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and electron probe X-ray micro-analysis (EPMA). As a practical application of the proposed 8-dB gain in the SCCFs in fiber transmissions, a 25-Gb/s error-floor free link is successfully demonstrated.

中文翻译:

提高四面体铬 ($\text{Cr}^{4+}$) 在单模晶体纤芯光纤中的高增益浓度

四面体铬 (Cr4+) 离子是宽带单模掺铬晶体纤芯光纤 (SCCF) 增益的主要贡献者。我们已经使用热退火技术证明了 300 nm 宽带 SCCF 在 27 cm 长度上的总增益为 8 dB。毛增益和光纤长度是 SCCF 迄今为止报告的最高值。创纪录的增益主要是由于通过对齐的熔融区生长获得更长的纤维和通过热退火增强 Cr4+ 离子。通过超导量子干涉仪(SQUID)和电子探针X射线显微分析(EPMA)实验验证了SCCF中Cr4+离子的增强机制。作为在光纤传输中 SCCF 中建议的 8-dB 增益的实际应用,成功演示了 25-Gb/s 无误码链路。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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