This article presents a discussion on the main approaches for the characterization and modeling of the dynamic energy losses for a non-grain-oriented (NGO) electrical steel excited with either sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal magnetic inductions. The experimental analysis is carried out via an Epstein frame, where an efficient feedback algorithm is implemented to control the magnetic-induction waveform. Different approaches are tested to reproduce the dynamic energy losses, including analytic equations and a dynamic hysteresis model, based on the solution of the diffusion equation via a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme, where the hysteretic constitutive law is modeled according to the Preisach model. Discussion on the accuracy of different approaches in the reproduction of the energy loss components is presented.

中文翻译：

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非正弦极化波形下NGO电工钢动态能量损失分析

本文讨论了用正弦或非正弦磁感应激励的非晶粒取向 (NGO) 电工钢的动态能量损失的表征和建模的主要方法。实验分析是通过爱泼斯坦框架进行的，其中实施了有效的反馈算法来控制磁感应波形。测试了不同的方法来重现动态能量损失，包括解析方程和动态滞后模型，基于通过有限差分时域 (FDTD) 方案对扩散方程的解，其中滞后本构定律根据以下公式建模普雷萨赫模型。讨论了不同方法在能量损失分量再现中的准确性。