In the present work, the ultrasonic specific energy (USE) effect on anaerobic sludge in methane inhibition and hydrogen production capability by dark fermentation in pretreatments with ultrasound (US) and combined ultrasound with heat shock (US + HS) was evaluated. The non-pretreated anaerobic sludge was used as a control, and the sludge pretreated with heat shock (HS) at 85 °C for 45 min was a comparison system. HS inhibited methane production by 96.4 ± 0.6%, while pretreatments with US and US + HS in a USE interval between 20.5 and 102.5 kJ L⁻¹ showed inhibition of 77.9 ± 0.37 to 88.9 ± 0.17% and 89.8 ± 0.17 to 95.7 ± 0.10%, respectively. Nevertheless, from the statistical analysis, it was determined that the HS and US + HS in all of the USE levels have the same inhibition effect. US at 41.0 kJ L⁻¹ reached an accumulated hydrogen value that was 3.2-fold higher than the control and 79.5% greater than HS, while for US + HS at 82.0 kJ L⁻¹, it was 2.3-fold higher than the control and 19.6% greater than HS. A comparative analysis from adimensionalized kinetic parameters showed that hydrogen production potential (P_max) and maximum hydrogen rate (R_max) on the anaerobic sludge pretreated with US and US + HS at 40 kHz are higher than or similar to that reported. The higher efficiencies of anaerobic sludge in hydrogen production from sucrose were seen in USE levels of 41.0 and 61.5 kJ L⁻¹ for US, and of 61.5 and 82.0 kJ L⁻¹ for US + HS. The HAc/HBut molar ratio from 0.255 to 0.410 showed that hydrogen was produced via the butyrate route. The ultrasonic specific energy applied to the anaerobic sludge of 41.0–61.5 kJ L⁻¹ by ultrasound and 61.5–82.0 kJ L⁻¹ by combined ultrasound with heat shock is a highly feasible method with which to inhibit methane production and improve hydrogen production in dark fermentation.

中文翻译：

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超声能量对超声波单独发酵和热激结合对黑暗发酵的影响

在目前的工作中，评估了超声（US）和热激超声（US + HS）联合预处理对黑暗发酵中厌氧污泥在甲烷抑制和产氢能力方面的超声比能（USE）作用。使用未经预处理的厌氧污泥作为对照，并在85℃下经热冲击（HS）预处理45分钟的污泥作为比较系统。HS在20.5至102.5 kJ L ^-1的USE间隔内将甲烷生成量抑制了96.4±0.6％，而US和US + HS预处理分别显示出77.9±0.37至88.9±0.17％和89.8±0.17至95.7±0.10％的抑制作用。然而，从统计分析中，可以确定所有USE水平的HS和US + HS具有相同的抑制作用。US在41.0 kJ L ^-1时达到的累积氢值比对照高3.2倍，比HS高79.5％，而US + HS在82.0 kJ L ^-1时，其累积氢值比对比例高2.3倍。比HS高19.6％。从三维动力学参数进行的比较分析表明，制氢潜力（P _max）和用US和US + HS在40 kHz预处理的厌氧污泥的最大氢速率（R _max）高于或与报道的相似。在美国，使用水平分别为41.0和61.5 kJ L ^-1，对于US + HS分别为61.5和82.0 kJ L ^-1，厌氧污泥从蔗糖中制氢的效率更高。所述的HAc / HBUT从0.255至0.410摩尔比表明，氢气经由丁酸途径制造。超声波和61.5-82.0 kJ L施加于厌氧污泥的超声比能为41.0-61.5 kJ L ^-1通过超声与热激结合的^-1是一种非常可行的方法，通过该方法可以抑制甲烷发酵并改善黑暗发酵中的氢气产生。