The present study aimed to isolate Arcobacter spp. and Campylobacter spp. from beef meat samples including cattle carcasses, cube meat and minced meat, and to determine the antibacterial susceptibility and genetic diversity of the recovered isolates. One hundred beef carcass surface samples from slaughterhouses and 100 beef meat samples (50 samples of cube meat and 50 minced meat) taken from different retail units were analysed. Of the examined samples, 17 (8.5%) and 43 (21.5%) were positive for Arcobacter spp. and Campylobacter spp. respectively. Twenty Arcobacter and 53 Campylobacter isolates were obtained from positive samples. Both Arcobacter and Campylobacter were concurrently isolated from 7 (3.5%) of the 17 positive samples. Arcobacter butzleri (18 isolates) and Campylobacter jejuni (37 isolates) were the most commonly isolated species. The results of Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction revealed extensive genetic heterogeneity among both Arcobacter and Campylobacter isolates. Seventeen and 30 different genotypes were identified in 18 A. butzleri and 37 C. jejuni isolates, respectively. Each of A. cryaerophilus, C. fetus and C. hyointestinalis isolates had two genotypes. Three and seven genotypes were identified in five C. lari and in seven C. coli isolates, respectively. While 5% of 20 Arcobacter isolates were resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 5% of the isolates were resistant to neomycin. Of the 53 Campylobacter isolates, 9.43%, 22.64%, 7.54% and 3.77% were resistant to enrofloxacin, neomycin, tetracycline and streptomycin, respectively. Contaminated beef carcasses, cube meat and minced meat with various species and subspecies of arcobacters and campylobacters may pose a risk factor for human infections. Our study reveals the necessity of improving the hygiene quality in slaughterhouses and other meat processing units as there are different sources of contamination.

中文翻译：

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牛肉样品中弓形杆菌和弯曲杆菌的流行以及回收菌株的表征

本研究旨在分离弓形杆菌。和弯曲杆菌属。包括牛samples体，立方肉和碎肉在内的牛肉样品中提取，并确定回收菌株的抗菌敏感性和遗传多样性。分析了来自不同屠宰场的100个屠宰场的牛肉car体表面样本和100个牛肉肉样本（50个立方体肉样本和50个碎肉样本）。在检查的样本中，有17份（8.5％）和43份（21.5％）的弧菌属呈阳性。和弯曲杆菌属。分别。从阳性样品中获得了二十个弧菌和53个弯曲杆菌分离株。这两个弓形和同时从17个阳性样品中的7个（3.5％）中分离出弯曲杆菌。最常分离到的种是布氏弧菌（18个分离株）和空肠弯曲菌（37个分离株）。肠细菌重复基因间共识聚合酶链反应的结果显示，在分离的杆状杆菌和弯曲杆菌之间存在广泛的遗传异质性。分别在18株A.butzleri和37株空肠弯曲杆菌C.junjuni中鉴定出17种和30种不同的基因型。每个A. cryaerophilus，胚胎弯曲杆菌和豚肠弯曲杆菌分离株具有两种基因型。分别在五个拉里梭菌和七个大肠杆菌分离物中鉴定出三种和七个基因型。尽管20株杆菌中有5％的菌株对阿莫西林-克拉维酸有抗药性，但5％的菌株对新霉素有抗药性。在53个弯曲杆菌中分离株分别对恩诺沙星，新霉素，四环素和链霉素耐药，分别为9.43％，22.64％，7.54％和3.77％。受污染的牛尸体，立方肉和肉末以及各种弧菌和弯曲杆菌的物种和亚种可能构成人类感染的危险因素。我们的研究表明，由于存在不同的污染源，因此有必要提高屠宰场和其他肉类加工单位的卫生质量。