A predator gut analysis technique is described that can simultaneously pinpoint predation events which are life stage-specific, intraspecies-specific (cannibalism) and interspecies-specific (intraguild). The third and fifth larval life stages of green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea Stephens s.l. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), were marked with rabbit IgG and chicken IgY, respectively. The uniquely marked lacewing life stages were then introduced into caged arenas (n = 59 caged experimental units) containing a cotton plant and an assemblage of generalist predators. The predators released into each arena were recaptured after 6 h and their gut contents were examined for the presence of rabbit IgG- and chicken IgY-marked lacewing remnants by an anti-rabbit and anti-chicken enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The predator gut ELISAs detected one cannibalism event and 14 and 8 intraguild predation (IGP) events on third and fifth instar lacewings, respectively. This proof-of-concept study shows that this universal prey immunomarking technique (UFIT), when combined with field cage methods, can be useful for pinpointing cannibalism and life stage-specific predation events.

中文翻译：

---

精确定位食人族，行内捕食和特定阶段的摄食事件的程序

描述了一种捕食者肠道分析技术，该技术可以同时指出捕食事件，这些事件是生命阶段特定的，物种内部特定的（食人族）和物种间特定的（公会内部）。绿色草wing的第三个和第五个幼虫生命阶段，Chrysoperla carnea， Stephens sl（Neuroptera：Chrysopidae），分别标记有兔IgG和鸡IgY。然后将独特标记的草lace生活阶段引入笼养的竞技场（n = 59个带笼子的实验单位），里面装有棉花植物和多种捕食者。6小时后重新捕获释放到各个区域的捕食者，并分别通过抗兔和抗鸡酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检查它们的肠道内容物中是否存在兔IgG和鸡IgY标记的草lace残留物。 。捕食者肠道ELISAs分别在第三龄和第五龄幼虫lace中检测到一个食人事件和14个和8个行会内捕食（IGP）事件。这项概念验证研究表明，这种通用猎物免疫标记技术（UFIT）与野外笼养方法相结合，可用于查明食人族和特定生命阶段的捕食事件。