Aerosol emissions from vehicles have been linked to changes in heart rate variability (HRV) parameters of the susceptible population in developed countries. In the present study, the effects of vehicular emission and resuspended road dust on HRV parameters in healthy adults (18–43 years of age) were assessed at Delhi, India, a metro city where the world’s largest youth population 356 million of age group 10–24 years resides as per census report of 2011. The study presents personal exposure concentration of fine particulate matter (PM 1 and PM 2.5 ) at a road site in Delhi and its link with the changes in HRV parameters. The mixed effect model treated particulate matter (PM) mass concentration, age of participants, body mass index, and climatic parameters (ambient temperature and relative humidity) as independent variables and HRV parameters as dependent variables. The observed data showed that per inter quartile range (IQR) increase in PM 1 resulted in a considerable decrease in the HRV indices: percentage of successive NN-intervals that differ from each other by greater than 50 ms (pNN50) [− 26.6% (− 40.52, − 1.29)], root mean square of differences between successive NN-intervals (r-MSSD) [− 9.8% (− 17.53, 1.32)] and high-frequency power (HF) [− 15.6% (− 27.61, 2.89)], and considerable increase in low frequency (LF) by HF ratio [24.0% (0.95, 45.39)]. Greater changes were seen in most of the HRV parameters for PM 2.5 as compared to PM 1 , probably due to the presence of fine dust along with vehicle emissions which aggravate the effect. The change in HRV parameters is considered as a powerful and independent predictor of changes in cardiac autonomic nervous system. The trend observed in the present study was in congruence with that observed in previous studies except for LF, and the reductions in HRV indices were well within the range when compared with literature. But still the impact on HRV was significant which raises a concern for the healthy population which forms a large portion of the society. Also, in light of the limited evidence on the effect of PM 1 on cardiac health, the present study summarized that PM 1 has a significant impact on HRV too which is of concern due to its high contribution to total PM.

中文翻译：

---

德里健康成年人中混有悬浮粉尘的交通排放与心率变异性之间的关联

车辆的气溶胶排放与发达国家易感人群的心率变异性 (HRV) 参数的变化有关。在本研究中，在印度德里评估了车辆排放和重新悬浮的道路灰尘对健康成人（18-43 岁）的 HRV 参数的影响，德里是世界上最大的 10 岁年龄段青年人口 3.56 亿的都会城市。根据 2011 年的人口普查报告显示 – 24 年。该研究介绍了德里一个道路现场细颗粒物（PM 1 和 PM 2.5 ）的个人暴露浓度及其与 HRV 参数变化的联系。混合效应模型处理了颗粒物 (PM) 质量浓度、参与者的年龄、体重指数、气候参数（环境温度和相对湿度）作为自变量，HRV 参数作为因变量。观察到的数据表明，PM 1 每四分位距 (IQR) 的增加导致 HRV 指数显着下降：连续 NN 间隔的百分比彼此相差超过 50 毫秒 (pNN50) [- 26.6% ( − 40.52, − 1.29)]，连续 NN 间隔 (r-MSSD) [− 9.8% (− 17.53, 1.32)] 和高频功率 (HF) [− 15.6% (− 27.61, 2.89)]，以及 HF 比率的低频 (LF) 显着增加 [24.0% (0.95, 45.39)]。与 PM 1 相比，PM 2.5 的大多数 HRV 参数发生了更大的变化，这可能是由于细尘和车辆排放物的存在加剧了这种影响。HRV 参数的变化被认为是心脏自主神经系统变化的有力且独立的预测因子。本研究中观察到的趋势与先前研究中观察到的趋势一致，除了 LF，与文献相比，HRV 指数的下降完全在范围内。但对 HRV 的影响仍然很大，这引起了对构成社会很大一部分的健康人群的关注。此外，鉴于关于 PM 1 对心脏健康影响的证据有限，本研究总结说 PM 1 对 HRV 也有显着影响，由于其对总 PM 的贡献很大，因此值得关注。本研究中观察到的趋势与先前研究中观察到的趋势一致，除了 LF，与文献相比，HRV 指数的下降完全在范围内。但对 HRV 的影响仍然很大，这引起了对构成社会很大一部分的健康人群的关注。此外，鉴于关于 PM 1 对心脏健康影响的证据有限，本研究总结说 PM 1 对 HRV 也有显着影响，由于其对总 PM 的贡献很大，因此值得关注。本研究中观察到的趋势与先前研究中观察到的趋势一致，除了 LF，与文献相比，HRV 指数的下降完全在范围内。但对 HRV 的影响仍然显着，这引起了对构成社会很大一部分的健康人群的关注。此外，鉴于关于 PM 1 对心脏健康影响的证据有限，本研究总结说 PM 1 对 HRV 也有显着影响，由于其对总 PM 的贡献很大，因此值得关注。