Donors, governments, non-government organisations and humanitarian agencies are increasingly investing in disaster risk reduction (DRR) but there is limited understanding of the outcomes of these investments at community and household levels. This paper presents empirical data from nine communities across three islands in Vanuatu that experienced a direct hit from category 5 tropical cyclone Pam in 2015. The research compared the actions taken by communities that had engaged in a mid- to long-term DRR program with those that had not. The DRR program prioritised disability inclusion and women’s participation in, and leadership of, the community. Early warnings were widely heard across all communities but the communities that had engaged with the DRR program had greater understanding of, and trust in, the early warnings. They took earlier and more coordinated action and were safer during the cyclone. Compared with their past experiences, there was increased respect for women’s voices and roles, women and men collaborated more, and people with disability were supported by the whole community. The research concludes that tropical cyclone early warnings are necessary but not sufficient to ensure there is community and household preparation. There is a strong case for investments in mid- to long-term DRR focused on community and household capacity, prioritising women’s active and equal participation as community leaders, and disability inclusion.

中文翻译：

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减少灾害风险有什么区别？瓦努阿图和热带气旋帕姆的见解

捐助者，政府，非政府组织和人道主义机构越来越多地投资于减少灾害风险（DRR），但在社区和家庭层面对这些投资的结果了解有限。本文介绍了来自瓦努阿图三个岛屿上9个社区的经验数据，这些社区在2015年遭受了5类热带气旋帕姆的直接袭击。该研究将参与中长期DRR计划的社区所采取的行动与那些采取的行动进行了比较。没有。DRR计划优先考虑包容残疾以及妇女在社区中的参与和领导。预警在所有社区中都得到广泛听取，但是参与DRR计划的社区对预警有了更深入的了解和信任。他们采取了更早，更协调的行动，在飓风期间更安全。与过去的经验相比，人们更加尊重妇女的声音和角色，男女合作更多，残疾人得到了整个社区的支持。研究得出结论，热带气旋预警是必要的，但不足以确保有社区和家庭准备。在中长期DRR方面，有充分的理由进行投资，重点放在社区和家庭能力上，优先考虑妇女作为社区领导者的积极和平等参与以及包容残疾。残疾人得到了整个社区的支持。研究得出结论，热带气旋预警是必要的，但不足以确保有社区和家庭准备。在中长期DRR方面，有充分的理由进行投资，重点放在社区和家庭能力上，优先考虑妇女作为社区领导者的积极和平等参与以及包容残疾。残疾人得到了整个社区的支持。研究得出结论，热带气旋预警是必要的，但不足以确保有社区和家庭准备。在中长期DRR方面，有充分的理由进行投资，重点放在社区和家庭能力上，优先考虑妇女作为社区领导者的积极和平等参与以及包容残疾。