Climate change and water are intricately linked. Water is the primary medium through which the impacts of climate change will be felt. Securing the water sector and enhancing water security is, therefore, imperative for any adaptive response to climate change. A precursor in improving water security is to first establish a mechanism to measure it. Only then can incremental and progressive actions be evaluated. This study has developed such a mechanism in the form of a water security assessment framework using an indictor-based methodology. The framework is developed for city-scale analysis because analyses at this scale is more useful in operationalizing water security enhancement. The framework has a three-layered structure comprising five dimensions (broad elements of water security), twelve indicators (areas of interest within the dimensions), and a set of potential variables that can be used to quantify the indicators. The framework has been developed to foster practical interventions for water security enhancement and not as a comparative tool for benchmarking. Hence, while the dimensions and indicators of the framework are fixed, the choice of variables is up to the city depending upon its context. This aspect of the framework, therefore, is meant to help cities introspect internally and move up the water security ladder. The framework culminates into a Water Security Index (WSI), measured on a scale from one to five. The scale is linear and hierarchical in its grade value. The framework was successfully used to assess the water security situation of Bangkok. The study also makes a case for scaling up this intervention for other major cities in Thailand, which can then help implement some of Thailand's key climate change adaptation initiatives such as the Nationally Determined Contributions and the National Climate Change Master Plan.

中文翻译：

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衡量水安全：适应气候变化的重要一步。

气候变化与水有着千丝万缕的联系。水是感受气候变化影响的主要媒介。因此，对于任何适应气候变化的反应，确保水务部门的安全和加强水安全都是必不可少的。改善水安全的先决条件是首先建立一种衡量水安全的机制。只有这样，才能评估增量和渐进操作。这项研究采用了基于指标的方法，以水安全评估框架的形式开发了这种机制。该框架是为城市规模的分析而开发的，因为这种规模的分析在实施水安全保障方面更加有用。该框架具有三层结构，包括五个维度（水安全的广泛要素），十二个指标（维度内的关注领域），以及一组可用于量化指标的潜在变量。开发该框架是为了促进加强水安全的实际干预措施，而不是作为基准的比较工具。因此，虽然框架的尺寸和指标是固定的，但变量的选择取决于城市的具体情况。因此，该框架的这一方面旨在帮助城市进行内部反思，并提升水安全阶梯。该框架最终达到了水安全指数（WSI），该指数的范围为1到5。量表的等级值是线性的和分级的。该框架已成功用于评估曼谷的水安全状况。该研究还为在泰国其他主要城市扩大这种干预措施提供了理由，