Abstract The hierarchical micro-/nanotextures adorning the petal surfaces of certain flower species exhibit outstanding sunlight harvesting properties, which can be exploited for photovoltaic (PV) applications via a direct replication approach into polymeric cover layers. This route has been so far hampered by the restricted size of the original bio-template and by the limited number of replication cycles when a polymeric mold is used. Here, we therefore introduce an upscaling strategy allowing the fabrication of mechanically stable, temperature resistant and large area nickel mold inserts which can be employed for hot embossing lithography, and ultimately for the mass production of bioreplicated films that improve light management in PV modules. As a proof-of-concept, we laminate the thus produced textured foils, here corresponding to rose petal replicas, onto glass encapsulated copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) solar modules with a surface of 100 cm2. We demonstrate an increase of the power output of 5.4% with respect to a device with an uncoated glass cover layer (measured in outdoor operating conditions). This improvement is notably attributed to the excellent light in-coupling properties of the replicated texture at high oblique incidence angles.

中文翻译：

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升级用于光伏模块的生物复制玫瑰花瓣光收集层的制造程序

摘要 装饰某些花卉品种花瓣表面的分级微/纳米纹理表现出出色的阳光收集特性，可通过直接复制到聚合物覆盖层中的方法用于光伏 (PV) 应用。迄今为止，这条路线受到原始生物模板尺寸的限制以及使用聚合物模具时复制循环次数的限制。因此，在这里，我们引入了一种升级策略，允许制造机械稳定、耐高温和大面积镍模具插件，可用于热压印光刻，并最终用于大规模生产生物复制膜，以改善光伏模块中的光管理。作为概念验证，我们将由此生产的纹理箔层压，此处对应于玫瑰花瓣复制品，放置在表面为 100 cm2 的玻璃封装的铜铟镓二硒 (CIGS) 太阳能模块上。我们证明了相对于具有未涂层玻璃覆盖层的设备（在室外操作条件下测量），功率输出增加了 5.4%。这种改进主要归因于复制纹理在高倾斜入射角下的优异光耦合特性。