Two novel rhodamine-polystyrene solid-phase fluorescence sensors PS-RB-2 and PS-R6G-2 with pyrene or naphthalene as fluorophore were synthesized for Hg(II) detection. Their structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and scanning electron micrographs (SEM). Sensor PS-RB-2 displayed higher selectivity and sensitivity to Hg(II), with a lower detection limit of 0.065 μM. A detection mechanism involving the Hg(II) chelation-induced spirocycle open of rhodamine was proposed and discussed from theoretic level based on crystal structures and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Sensor PS-RB-2 with recyclable and environment-friendly performance was successfully employed to fluorescent detection of Hg(II) in real water and fish samples, indicating its good potential in practical application. Its solid phase extraction columns were developed for rapid detection of Hg(II) by observing the color change with the naked eyes.

合成了两种以rh或萘为荧光团的新型若丹明-聚苯乙烯固相荧光传感器PS-RB-2和PS-R6G-2，用于Hg（II）的检测。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电子显微照片（SEM）对它们的结构进行了表征。PS-RB-2传感器对Hg（II）表现出更高的选择性和灵敏度，更低的检测限为0.065μM。基于晶体结构和密度泛函理论（DFT）计算，从理论层面提出并讨论了由Hg（II）螯合诱导的若丹明螺环开环的检测机理。具有可回收利用和环境友好性能的传感器PS-RB-2已成功用于荧光检测实际水和鱼样品中的Hg（II），表明其在实际应用中具有良好的潜力。