Abstract The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) and its requirements impose radical changes to the underlying networking technologies that will be adopted in future factories. Most popular solutions in use today, in fact, are suitable for Industry 4.0 only in part, and new techniques and devices have to be developed to cope with demanding needs in terms of flexibility, communication bandwidth, real-time behavior, mobility, scalability, energy efficiency, reliability, availability and security. The goal of this paper is assessing the current situation of factory communication systems in the light of their evolution to support Industry 4.0 applications. The paper provides an overview of fundamental concepts in factory communication systems focusing, in particular, on prevalent wireless and wirebound communication protocols and standards. Research challenges in next generation industrial networks are also taken into account.

中文翻译：

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第四次工业革命初期的工厂通信

摘要 第四次工业革命（工业 4.0）及其要求对未来工厂将采用的底层网络技术进行了根本性的改变。事实上，当今使用的最流行的解决方案仅部分适用于工业 4.0，必须开发新技术和设备来应对灵活性、通信带宽、实时行为、移动性、可扩展性、能源效率、可靠性、可用性和安全性。本文的目标是根据工厂通信系统支持工业 4.0 应用程序的演变来评估工厂通信系统的现状。本文概述了工厂通信系统中的基本概念，尤其侧重于流行的无线和有线通信协议和标准。