In heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets), fractional power control (FPC) is used in uplink (UL) transmission to improve signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) by compensating path loss. However, employing FPC results in a significant co-channel UL interference (UL-I) as a result of increased users’ transmit power. Moreover, macro base station (MBS) edge users make the situation exacerbate by transmitting with even higher power to compensate path loss and, thus, render FPC highly unsuitable in HetNets. In this paper, we aim to decrease severe UL-I and, thus, leverage FPC in HetNets. Hence, we propose non-uniform HetNets (NUHs) where small base stations (SBSs)’ deployment near MBS is avoided by using Poisson hole process (PHP). NUHs provide: (i) improved coverage due to coverage-oriented SBS distribution, and (ii) lower MBS-interference (MBS-I) as the SBSs are only deployed in coverage edge area of MBS. In conjunction with NUH, we employ decoupled association (DeCA), in contrast to coupled association (CA), to improve UL SIR. NUH along with DeCA provide lower UL-I and MBS-I due to reduced interference and improved UL SIR. Additionally, to efficiently utilize the radio resources, we employ reverse frequency allocation (RFA) to mitigate inter-cells-interference (ICI). We compare CA with DeCA in different network scenarios. Results indicate that the employment of DeCA leads to improved UL coverage, as compared with CA, due to effective mitigation of UL-I, MBS-I, and ICI. Moreover, the results indicate significant improvement in UL coverage for the SIR threshold values greater than 0 dB. Furthermore, the results show that a higher value of FPC compensation factor improves the coverage performance.

在异构蜂窝网络（HetNets）中，分数功率控制（FPC）用于上行链路（UL）传输，以通过补偿路径损耗来提高信号干扰比（SIR）。但是，由于用户发射功率的增加，采用FPC会导致严重的同信道UL干扰（UL-1）。此外，宏基站（MBS）边缘用户通过以更高的功率进行传输以补偿路径损耗，从而使情况更加恶化，从而使FPC非常不适用于HetNets。在本文中，我们旨在减少严重的UL-1，从而在HetNets中利用FPC。因此，我们提出了非均匀的HetNet（NUH），其中通过使用泊松孔处理（PHP）避免了MBS附近的小型基站（SBS）的部署。NUH提供：（i）由于面向覆盖的SBS分发，覆盖范围得到了改善，（ii）较低的MBS干扰（MBS-I），因为SBS仅部署在MBS的覆盖边缘区域中。与NUH结合使用时，与耦合关联（CA）相比，我们采用了解耦关联（DeCA）来改善UL SIR。由于减少了干扰并改善了UL SIR，NUH与DeCA一起提供了较低的UL-1和MBS-1。此外，为了有效利用无线电资源，我们采用反向频率分配（RFA）来减轻小区间干扰（ICI）。我们将CA与DeCA在不同网络情况下进行比较。结果表明，由于有效减轻了UL-1，MBS-1和ICI的使用，与CA相比，使用DeCA可以提高UL覆盖率。此外，结果表明，对于大于0 dB的SIR阈值，UL覆盖范围有了显着改善。此外，