Abstract A series of experiments are carried out for different freezing modes during freezing and thawing to study the water-heat-vapor behavior in the coarse-grained soil (CGS) of high-speed railway (HSR) subgrade in cold regions with an open water supply. The final negative temperature of the freezing mode is kept the same. The total freezing time is 72 h. Three different modes, namely a constant temperature freezing mode, a three-step freezing mode, and a six-step freezing mode, are used. Fluorescein is used as the tracer for the rising height and variation of the liquid water in the external water supply. The external water migrates to the inside of the soil sample when it freezes, and the internal water of the soil sample migrates to the outside when it thaws. The number of steps for the different freezing modes is the key factor affecting the water intake. The amount of water intake affects frost penetration during freezing and thawing. There may be a suitable temperature gradient range for liquid water and vapor coupling migration. In all freezing modes, ice layers appear on the top of the top bath pedestal at the end of freezing. More freezing steps lead to a more uniform water content distribution. Moisture migration in HSR subgrade mainly occurs by vapor migration during long cold winters and winters with slow temperature drops.

中文翻译：

---

不同冷冻方式对冻融作用下不饱和粗粒填料水-热-汽行为的影响

摘要 针对冻融过程中不同的冻结模式开展了一系列试验，研究了开放水域寒冷地区高速铁路（HSR）路基粗粒土（CGS）的水-热-汽行为。供应。冷冻模式的最终负温度保持不变。总冻结时间为 72 小时。使用三种不同的模式，即恒温冷冻模式、三步冷冻模式和六步冷冻模式。荧光素用作外部供水中液态水上升高度和变化的示踪剂。土样结冰时外部水分向内部迁移，解冻时土样内部水分向外部迁移。不同冷冻模式的步数是影响进水量的关键因素。进水量影响冻融过程中的霜渗透。液态水和蒸汽耦合迁移可能存在合适的温度梯度范围。在所有冷冻模式下，冷冻结束时顶部浴缸底座顶部会出现冰层。更多的冷冻步骤导致更均匀的水含量分布。高铁路基的水分迁移主要是在漫长寒冷的冬季和温降缓慢的冬季通过水汽迁移发生的。冷冻结束时，顶部浴缸底座顶部出现冰层。更多的冷冻步骤导致更均匀的水含量分布。高铁路基的水分迁移主要是在漫长寒冷的冬季和温降缓慢的冬季通过水汽迁移发生的。冷冻结束时，顶部浴缸底座顶部出现冰层。更多的冷冻步骤导致更均匀的水含量分布。高铁路基水分迁移主要是在漫长寒冷的冬季和温降缓慢的冬季通过水汽迁移发生。