Hydraulic fractures initialized from different perforations have different contributions to well production. Therefore, it is essential to study the competitive propagation of hydraulic fractures among multiple perforations. In this study, a fracture-pore flow model coupled with wellbore flow was developed and implemented in a three-dimensional numerical model to simulate multi-perforating hydraulic fracture propagation. The hydro-mechanical coupling effects in fractures and porous media were fully considered. The effectiveness of the model in simulating hydraulic fracture propagation, fracture reorientation and transient fluid leak-off was verified. Finally, a field hydraulic fracturing operation with multi-perforations in a tight reservoir was simulated. The sensitivities to the reservoir heterogeneity, fluid leak-off, layer inclination, well deviation and perforation friction were investigated in detail. This study revealed the following: 1) layered heterogeneities can cause strong competitive propagation of multi-cluster fractures; 2) flow rate in each perforation is controlled by perforation friction and stress shadow; 3) reservoir heterogeneity, layer inclination, and well deviation are major factors of the asymmetric fracture propagation; 4) the well deviation toward the direction of the minimum horizontal stress causes an asymmetric stress shadow and reduces the effective spacing of the perforations.

由不同射孔引发的水力压裂对油井生产有不同的贡献。因此，研究水力压裂在多个射孔之间的竞争传播至关重要。在这项研究中，开发了一个结合井眼流动的裂缝-孔隙流模型，并在三维数值模型中实现了该模型，以模拟多孔水力裂缝的扩展。充分考虑了裂缝和多孔介质中的水力耦合效应。验证了该模型在模拟水力裂缝扩展，裂缝重新定向和瞬态流体泄漏方面的有效性。最后，模拟了致密油藏中多孔现场水力压裂作业。对储层非均质性，流体渗漏，层倾角，详细研究了井斜和射孔摩擦力。这项研究揭示了以下内容：1）分层的非均质性可以引起多团形裂缝的强烈竞争传播；2）每个射孔的流速受射孔摩擦力和应力阴影控制；3）储层非均质性，层倾角和井斜是非对称裂缝扩展的主要因素；4）朝向最小水平应力方向的井斜会导致应力阴影不对称，并减小穿孔的有效间距。2）每个射孔的流速受射孔摩擦力和应力阴影控制；3）储层非均质性，层倾角和井斜是非对称裂缝扩展的主要因素；4）朝向最小水平应力方向的井斜会导致应力阴影不对称，并减小穿孔的有效间距。2）每个射孔的流速受射孔摩擦力和应力阴影控制；3）储层非均质性，层倾角和井斜是非对称裂缝扩展的主要因素；4）朝向最小水平应力方向的井斜会导致应力阴影不对称，并减小穿孔的有效间距。