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Underwater Cooperative MIMO Communications using Hybrid Acoustic and Magnetic Induction Technique
Computer Networks ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107191
Zhangyu Li , Soham Desai , Vaishnendr D Sudev , Pu Wang , Jinsong Han , Zhi Sun

Future smart ocean applications require reliable communication networks connecting underwater sensors/robots and remote base stations, which is challenging to achieve due to the harsh and dynamic underwater channels. While Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) acoustic technique can address this problem, it is difficult to place multiple transducers on a single device due to the large wavelength. Although the cooperative MIMO technique could solve this issue, it was impossible to synchronize the distributed transmitters due to the extremely large and dynamic propagation delay of acoustic waves. In this paper, we propose an underwater cooperative MIMO communication mechanism, which is based on a hybrid acoustic and Magnetic Induction (MI) technique. The inter-node synchronization problem can be solved by using the MI technique so that the distributed transducers can cooperatively form narrow beams for long distance communications. The synchronization time and errors are significantly reduced since MI has negligible propagation delays. To quantitatively analyze the improvement, the closed-form of the synchronization error, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), effective communication time, and throughput of the proposed system are rigorously derived. The proposed system is implemented in a software-defined testbed under the beamforming and space-time coding scheme. Through both numerical and experimental analysis, our hybrid cooperative MIMO mechanism can achieve much lower bit error rate and synchronization error than the conventional acoustic MIMO systems.



中文翻译:

使用声磁混合技术的水下协作MIMO通信

未来的智能海洋应用程序需要可靠的通信网络来连接水下传感器/机器人和远程基站,由于恶劣而动态的水下通道,要实现这一目标具有挑战性。尽管多输入多输出(MIMO)声学技术可以解决此问题,但由于波长大,很难将多个换能器放置在单个设备上。尽管协作式MIMO技术可以解决此问题,但由于声波的动态传播延迟非常大,因此无法同步分布式发射机。在本文中,我们提出了一种水下协同MIMO通信机制,该机制基于混合的声磁感应(MI)技术。节点间同步问题可以通过使用MI技术来解决,以便分布式换能器可以协作地形成窄波束以用于长距离通信。由于MI的传播延迟可忽略不计,因此同步时间和错误大大减少了。为了定量分析改进,严格推导了所提出系统的同步误差,信噪比(SNR),有效通信时间和吞吐量的闭合形式。所提出的系统是在波束成形和空时编码方案下的软件定义的测试平台中实现的。通过数值和实验分析,我们的混合协作MIMO机制可以实现比传统声学MIMO系统低得多的误码率和同步误差。

更新日期:2020-03-07
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