The oogenesis and folliculogenesis are closely linked and occur simultaneously in the growing ovarian follicles. Biochemical and morphological changes in oocytes (OC) and surrounding granulosa cells (GCs) are highly complex and depend on many factors, including intercellular communication. GCs are cells with many functions, often crucial for the proper viability of the oocyte and subsequent positive fertilization. The purpose of this study was to analyze gene expression in porcine GCs, to define differentially expressed genes belongs to the "cell growth", "aging", "positive regulation of cell death", "apoptotic process", "regulation of cell death", "cell death" and "negative regulation of cell death" ontology groups during the short - term primary in vitro culture. Microarrays were employed to study the transcriptome contained in the total RNA of the cultured GCs. Ovaries were obtained after slaughter, from 40 gilts of swine aged 170 days. The cells were obtained through puncture of the ovaries, collection of follicular fluid, removal of the cumulus - oocyte complexes and centrifugation. The cells were then cultured in vitro. The RNA material was obtained before the culture was established (0h) and then after 48h, 96h and 144h of its course. From 182 differently expressed genes belonging to the these ontology groups, we have selected POSTN, FN1, FMOD, ITGB3, DCN, SERPINB2, SFRP2, IGFBP5, EMP1, and CCL2 which were upregulated, as well as DAPL1, ESR1, IHH, TGFBR3, PPARD, PDK4, TXNIP, IFIT3, CSRNP3, and TNFSF10 genes whose expression was downregulated during the time of in vitro culture of the GCs. The significance of the differential gene expression is to provide new information on the molecular aspects of in vitro granulosa cell culture.

中文翻译：

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细胞生长、衰老和程序性细胞死亡的过程与短期 IVC 期间卵巢颗粒细胞的寿命有关——基于动物模型的研究

卵子发生和卵泡发生密切相关，并同时发生在正在发育的卵泡中。卵母细胞 (OC) 和周围颗粒细胞 (GC) 的生化和形态变化非常复杂，取决于许多因素，包括细胞间通讯。GC 是具有多种功能的细胞，通常对于卵母细胞的正常生存能力和随后的阳性受精至关重要。本研究的目的是分析猪GCs中的基因表达，定义属于“细胞生长”、“衰老”、“细胞死亡的正调控”、“凋亡过程”、“细胞死亡调控”的差异表达基因。 、“细胞死亡”和“细胞死亡负调控”本体组在短期体外原代培养过程中。微阵列用于研究培养的 GC 的总 RNA 中包含的转录组。在屠宰后从 40 头 170 天的小母猪获得卵巢。通过穿刺卵巢、收集卵泡液、去除卵丘-卵母细胞复合物和离心获得细胞。然后在体外培养细胞。在建立培养之前（0 小时）和然后在其过程的 48 小时、96 小时和 144 小时之后获得 RNA 材料。从属于这些本体组的 182 个不同表达的基因中，我们选择了上调的 POSTN、FN1、FMOD、ITGB3、DCN、SERPINB2、SFRP2、IGFBP5、EMP1 和 CCL2，以及 DAPL1、ESR1、IHH、TGFBR3、 PPARD、PDK4、TXNIP、IFIT3、CSRNP3 和 TNFSF10 基因的表达在 GC 的体外培养期间下调。