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Temperature and water-level effects on greenhouse gas fluxes from black ash (Fraxinus nigra) wetland soils in the Upper Great Lakes region, USA
Applied Soil Ecology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2020.103565
Alan J.Z. Toczydlowski , Robert A. Slesak , Randall K. Kolka , Rodney T. Venterea

Abstract Forested black ash (Fraxinus nigra) wetlands are an important economic, cultural, and ecological resource in the northern Great Lake States, USA, and are threatened by the invasive insect, emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmmaire [EAB]). These wetlands are likely to experience higher water tables and warmer temperatures if they are impacted by large-scale ash mortality and other global change factors. Therefore, it is critical to understand how temperature, hydrology, and their interaction affect greenhouse gas fluxes in black ash wetland soils. In order to predict potential ecosystem changes, we sampled and incubated intact soil cores containing either mineral or organic (peat) soils from two black ash wetlands, monitored soil oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), and measured the efflux of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) at two water-level treatments nested in three temperature treatments, 10 °C, 15 °C, or 20 °C. The water-level treatments were either saturated or drawdown, designed to mimic wetlands impacted or not impacted by EAB. Mean CO2 fluxes increased with increasing temperature but did not vary significantly by soil type or water-level. Peat soil had 60 to 135 times significantly greater CH4 flux in the saturated treatment and had minimal N2O loss across all treatments, while mineral soils had 8 to 43 times significantly greater N2O flux in the saturated treatment, and minimal CH4 loss across all treatments. Gas fluxes generally increased and had greater variation with increasing temperature. The drawdown treatment resulted in significantly higher Eh during unsaturated periods in both soil types, but the response was more variable in the peat soil. Our findings demonstrate potential indirect effects of EAB in black ash wetlands, with implications for ecosystem functions associated with C and N cycling.

中文翻译:

温度和水位对美国五大湖上游地区黑灰 (Fraxinus nigra) 湿地土壤温室气体通量的影响

摘要 森林黑灰(Fraxinus nigra)湿地是美国大湖州北部重要的经济、文化和生态资源,受到入侵昆虫翡翠灰螟(Agrilus planipennis Fairmmaire [EAB])的威胁。如果这些湿地受到大规模灰烬死亡率和其他全球变化因素的影响,它们可能会经历更高的地下水位和更高的温度。因此,了解温度、水文及其相互作用如何影响黑灰湿地土壤中的温室气体通量至关重要。为了预测潜在的生态系统变化,我们从两个黑灰湿地采样和培养含有矿物或有机(泥炭)土壤的完整土壤核心,监测土壤氧化还原电位 (Eh),并测量二氧化碳 (CO2) 的流出, 甲烷 (CH4), 和一氧化二氮 (N2O) 在嵌套在三个温度处理(10 °C、15 °C 或 20 °C)中的两个水位处理中。水位处理要么是饱和的,要么是下降的,旨在模拟受 EAB 影响或不受 EAB 影响的湿地。平均 CO2 通量随温度升高而增加,但不会因土壤类型或水位而显着变化。泥炭土在饱和处理中具有 60 至 135 倍的 CH4 通量显着增加,并且所有处理中的 N2O 损失最小,而矿质土壤在饱和处理中的 N2O 通量显着增加 8 至 43 倍,并且所有处理中的 CH4 损失最小。气体通量通常会随着温度的升高而增加并且变化更大。在两种土壤类型的非饱和期间,压降处理导致 Eh 显着升高,但在泥炭土中的反应变化更大。我们的研究结果证明了 EAB 对黑灰湿地的潜在间接影响,对与 C 和 N 循环相关的生态系统功能有影响。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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