Abstract Recognising that institutional analysis concerning ICM practice is not sufficient, and also assuming that paradigm shifts in an ICM system play a crucial role for the success of ICM practice, the paper conducts a case study of Xiamen. Dividing the development process of ICM operational modality into three stages (decentralised programs management, primary establishment of the ICM system, and a stable and normalized ICM system), the paper analyses the development of main elements of the system and then makes the timeline of ICM system development. In the discussion part, the paper identifies the paradigm shifts implied in the development process including the institutional shift, vision shift, management approach shift, and management object shift. This research may be of some help to coastal managers in the worldwide in developing operational modality of ICM.

中文翻译：

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厦门ICM实践成功的原因是什么——“范式转换”视角下的ICM体系新研究

摘要 认识到关于ICM实践的制度分析是不够的，并假设ICM系统中的范式转变对ICM实践的成功起着至关重要的作用，本文对厦门进行了案例研究。将ICM运行模式的发展过程分为三个阶段（去中心化项目管理、初步建立ICM系统、稳定规范化的ICM系统），分析了系统主要要素的发展，进而制定了ICM的时间表系统开发。在讨论部分，本文确定了发展过程中隐含的范式转变，包括制度转变、愿景转变、管理方式转变和管理对象转变。