Assessing the pathways by which alien species are introduced is essential if we are to identify potential risks and evaluate management decisions. Intentional introductions are responsible for the introductions of millions of animals throughout Latin America. We explore: (1) the relative role of several intentional introduction pathways (hunting, feeding, fur, biological control, the pet trade and others) in the general context of introductions of alien species; (2) the relative importance of the intentional pathways across the different taxa; (3) similar patterns as regards the composition of alien species across countries, (4) the underlying factors that drive the richness of alien species in Latin America, and (5) the potential impacts of alien species on the region. According to our results, 69 species of mammals and 62 species of birds were introduced into Latin America by means of intentional pathways, of which the most important taxa were Artiodactyls, Primates, Passeriformes and Psittaciformes. The main introductions pathways were the pet/ornamental trades (70.9%) for birds, and hunting (39.1%) and pet trade/ornamental purposes (37.7%) for mammals. The composition of species differed among countries, with a higher richness of species in those countries with a high percentage of urban populations, with a higher native species biodiversity, with a high % of GDP owing to imports (birds) and in those with a high number of trafficked species (mammals). This review stresses that the pet trade and hunting are important pathways for the introduction of alien species, some of which have had severe impacts on many countries.

如果我们要识别潜在风险并评估管理决策，则必须评估引入外来物种的途径。故意引进是整个拉丁美洲数以百万计的动物引进的原因。我们探索：（1）在引进外来物种的一般背景下，几种有意引入途径（狩猎，觅食，毛皮，生物防治，宠物贸易等）的相对作用；（2）跨不同类群的故意途径的相对重要性；（3）关于各国外来物种组成的相似模式，（4）推动拉丁美洲外来物种丰富的根本因素，以及（5）外来物种对本地区的潜在影响。根据我们的结果，通过有意途径将69种哺乳动物和62种鸟类引入了拉丁美洲，其中最重要的分类单元是节肢动物，灵长类，Passeriformes和Psittaciformes。主要的引进途径是鸟类的宠物/装饰品贸易（70.9％），哺乳动物的狩猎（39.1％）和宠物贸易/装饰品（37.7％）。各国之间的物种构成各不相同，在城市人口比例高的国家中，物种丰富度较高，本地生物多样性较高，由于进口（鸟类）而占国内生产总值的百分比较高，被贩运物种的数量（哺乳动物）。这篇评论强调宠物贸易和狩猎是引进外来物种的重要途径，其中一些对许多国家产生了严重影响。