Transitions literature regards technologies as critical components in shifting systems towards sustainability, which has informed the development of the technology-oriented Technological Innovation System (TIS) framework. The emerging discourse on nature-based solutions (NBS) – multifunctional nature-integrated spatial planning and design innovations – raises the question to what extent TIS can account for the development and diffusion of NBS. Following a literature review, we present the Nature-Based Innovation System (NBIS) framework delineating critical factors for urban nature-based innovation. We find both commonalities and differences between TIS and NBIS, suggesting that the roles of place-based dynamics, agency and governance structure are more central to nature-based innovation, and market formation is more central to technological innovation. This has implications for the study of sustainability transitions, which has likely underplayed the potential of innovations at the nexus of socio-technical and socio-ecological systems. Future research is needed to refine the NBIS framework, for example by studying evolutionary developmental trajectories.

过渡文献将技术视为系统向可持续发展转变的关键组成部分，这为以技术为导向的技术创新系统（TIS）框架的发展提供了信息。新兴的基于自然的解决方案（NBS）的讨论-多功能的自然融合空间规划和设计创新-提出了一个问题，即TIS可以在多大程度上解释NBS的发展和传播。经过文献综述后，我们提出了基于自然的创新系统（NBIS）框架，该框架描述了基于城市自然的创新的关键因素。我们发现TIS和NBIS之间既有共性又有差异，这表明基于场所的动态，代理和治理结构的作用对于基于自然的创新更为重要，市场的形成对于技术创新更为重要。这对可持续性转型的研究具有重要意义，而可持续性转型可能忽视了社会技术和社会生态系统之间的创新潜力。需要进一步的研究来完善NBIS框架，例如通过研究进化的发展轨迹。