Cycling-based mobility services or 'Cycling as a Service' (CaaS) have recently expanded in number and scale in the Netherlands. In contrast to the contexts of most other CaaS studies to date, cycling has a high modal share and strong institutions in the Dutch context. However, these supportive features have not translated into straightforward success for CaaS providers. Instead, responses to CaaS providers have varied widely, from tolerance to opposition. In this study we employ a combined business model and transition perspective to investigate this variation and its implications for CaaS in Dutch urban mobility systems. We present value propositions derived from business models, and integrate these into Hoogma's fit-and-stretch strategy framework for emerging niches. This enables a comparison between technology design and value propositions, and an analysis of the CaaS niche's transitions potential. Our findings clarify the strategies used by niche actors to enter and operate within established cycling regimes.

最近，荷兰基于自行车的出行服务或“自行车即服务”（CaaS）的数量和规模都在扩大。与迄今为止大多数其他CaaS研究的情况相比，在荷兰语中，骑自行车具有较高的模态份额和强大的制度。但是，对于CaaS提供商而言，这些支持功能并未转化为直接的成功。取而代之的是，从容忍到反对，对CaaS提供商的反应差异很大。在本研究中，我们采用组合的业务模型和过渡视角来研究这种变化及其对荷兰城市交通系统中CaaS的影响。我们提出源自商业模型的价值主张，并将其整合到Hoogma的针对新兴细分市场的“一劳永逸”战略框架中。这样可以在技术设计和价值主张之间进行比较，并分析CaaS细分市场的转型潜力。我们的发现阐明了利基市场参与者进入既定自行车制度并在既定自行车制度内运作的策略。