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An unusually high plasma concentration of homocysteine resulting from a combination of so-called "secondary" etiologies.
Clinical Biochemistry ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.03.010
Stéphane Jaisson 1 , Aurore Desmons 2 , Antoine Braconnier 3 , Alain Wynckel 3 , Philippe Rieu 3 , Philippe Gillery 1 , Roselyne Garnotel 2
Affiliation  

The metabolism of homocysteine is complex and involves many enzymes as well as vitamin-derived cofactors. Any dysregulation of this metabolism may lead to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCy) which is responsible for many clinical disorders including thromboembolic events. HHCy may result from very different etiologies and is generally classified into three groups according to homocysteine concentrations: moderate (<30 µmol/L), intermediate (30-100 µmol/L) or major (>100 μmol/L). Major HHCy cases are generally due to monogenic defects of key enzymes involved in homocysteine metabolism, such as cystathionine-β-synthase or 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase, or to any defect in vitamin B12 absorption, transport or metabolism. By contrast, moderate and intermediate HHCy tend to result from so-called "secondary" etiologies (e.g. tobacco, drugs, alcohol, vitamin deficiencies or pathological contexts). Here we describe the case of a patient with an unusually high plasma homocysteine concentration (1562 μmol/L) which was only explained by a combination of such secondary etiologies, among them chronic renal failure, hypothyroidism, the homozygous C677T MTHFR variant, a novel heterozygous variant of the MSR gene, and a vitamin deficiency. In addition, this patient exhibited a spectacular decline in homocysteine concentrations (returning to normal) after betaine and vitamin administration. In conclusion, this case highlights that major HHCy may also result from the combination of secondary etiologies, with vitamin deficiency as a triggering factor.

中文翻译:

由所谓的“继发性”病因相结合导致的同型半胱氨酸血浆浓度异常高。

高半胱氨酸的代谢非常复杂,涉及许多酶以及维生素衍生的辅因子。这种新陈代谢的任何失调都可能导致高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHCy),这是造成许多临床疾病(包括血栓栓塞事件)的原因。HHCy可能由不同的病因引起,通常根据同型半胱氨酸浓度分为三类:中度(<30 µmol / L),中度(30-100 µmol / L)或主要(> 100μmol/ L)。主要的HHCy病例通常是由于参与同型半胱氨酸代谢的关键酶的单基因缺陷,例如胱硫醚-β-合酶或5,10-亚甲基-四氢叶酸还原酶,或维生素B12吸收,运输或代谢的任何缺陷。相比之下,中度和中等HHCy往往来自所谓的“次要”病因(例如烟草,药物,酒精,维生素缺乏症或病理情况)。在这里,我们描述了患者血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度异常高(1562μmol/ L)的情况,这只能通过以下继发病因的组合来解释,其中包括慢性肾衰竭,甲状腺功能减退,纯合子C677T MTHFR变体,新型杂合子MSR基因的变异,以及维生素缺乏症。此外,服用甜菜碱和维生素后,该患者的同型半胱氨酸浓度显着下降(恢复正常)。总之,这种情况表明,主要的HHCy也可能是由于继发病因与维生素缺乏症的触发因素相结合而导致的。在这里,我们描述了患者血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度异常高(1562μmol/ L)的情况,这只能通过以下继发病因的组合来解释,其中包括慢性肾衰竭,甲状腺功能减退,纯合子C677T MTHFR变体,新型杂合子MSR基因的变异,以及维生素缺乏症。此外,服用甜菜碱和维生素后,该患者的同型半胱氨酸浓度显着下降(恢复正常)。总之,这种情况表明,主要的HHCy也可能是由于继发病因和维生素缺乏症的触发因素共同导致的。在这里,我们描述了患者血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度异常高(1562μmol/ L)的情况,这只能通过以下继发病因的组合来解释,其中包括慢性肾衰竭,甲状腺功能减退,纯合子C677T MTHFR变体,新型杂合子MSR基因的变异,以及维生素缺乏症。此外,服用甜菜碱和维生素后,该患者的同型半胱氨酸浓度显着下降(恢复正常)。总之,这种情况表明,主要的HHCy也可能是由于继发病因和维生素缺乏症的触发因素共同导致的。MSR基因的新型杂合变体和维生素缺乏症。此外,服用甜菜碱和维生素后,该患者的同型半胱氨酸浓度显着下降(恢复正常)。总之,这种情况表明,主要的HHCy也可能是由于继发病因与维生素缺乏症的触发因素相结合而导致的。MSR基因的新型杂合变体和维生素缺乏症。此外,服用甜菜碱和维生素后,该患者的同型半胱氨酸浓度显着下降(恢复正常)。总之,这种情况表明,主要的HHCy也可能是由于继发病因和维生素缺乏症的触发因素共同导致的。
更新日期:2020-03-19
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