Abstract Nanodiamonds and their modified derivatives attract wide attention in medical application for their excellent therapeutic efficacy as drug delivery platforms and unique optical properties as imaging probes. However, besides the well acknowledged good biocompatibility, little is known about their influence on cell migration. In present work, the effect of carboxylated nanodiamonds (cNDs) on cell migration has been investigated. Two cancer cell lines (HeLa and C6) and two normal cell lines (MDCK and NIH/3T3) have been chosen as test cells. The cellular uptake process of cNDs has been visualized by 3D confocal Raman imaging after exposure to different concentrations of cNDs. cNDs show no apparent influence on cells viability up to a concentration of 200 μg/ml. Whereas, cNDs ≥100 μg/ml can inhibit HeLa cell migration and cNDs ≥25 μg/ml exhibit attenuated effect on C6 cell motility after co-cultured with cNDs for 24 h. Further mRNA studies indicate that cNDs with specific concentration downregulate the expression of vimentin in HeLa and C6 cells, which is responsible for cell contact formation, arrangement and transport of signal molecules in cancer metastasis. These results suggest that cNDs play an active role in regulating cancer cells migration besides act as drug carriers and imaging probes.

中文翻译：

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羧化纳米金刚石对肿瘤细胞迁移的影响

摘要 纳米金刚石及其修饰衍生物作为药物递送平台具有优异的治疗功效，作为成像探针具有独特的光学特性，在医学应用中受到广泛关注。然而，除了众所周知的良好生物相容性外，人们对它们对细胞迁移的影响知之甚少。在目前的工作中，已经研究了羧化纳米金刚石 (cNDs) 对细胞迁移的影响。已选择两种癌细胞系（HeLa 和 C6）和两种正常细胞系（MDCK 和 NIH/3T3）作为测试细胞。在暴露于不同浓度的 cNDs 后，cNDs 的细胞摄取过程已通过 3D 共聚焦拉曼成像可视化。cND 在浓度高达 200 μg/ml 时对细胞活力没有明显影响。然而，cNDs ≥100 μg/ml 可以抑制 HeLa 细胞迁移，cNDs ≥25 μg/ml 与 cNDs 共培养 24 小时后，对 C6 细胞运动的影响减弱。进一步的 mRNA 研究表明，特定浓度的 cNDs 会下调 HeLa 和 C6 细胞中波形蛋白的表达，波形蛋白在癌症转移中负责细胞接触的形成、排列和信号分子的转运。这些结果表明，除了作为药物载体和成像探针外，cNDs 在调节癌细胞迁移中也发挥着积极作用。