Switching between superhydrophobicity/underwater superoleophilicity and superhydrophilicity/underwater superoleophobicity has been widely designed. Recently, superwettability is subdivided into multiple extreme wetting states for oil, water, and air as wetting and medium phases. However, fine switching among the multiple superwettability is rare. Here, a pH-responsive case is presented to demonstrate the fine switching between underwater superoleophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity while maintaining superhydrophobicity. The surface chemistry of silver-roughened copper coatings is elaborately manipulated by water-repellent perfluoroalkyl and alkyl chains and the smart terminal carboxyl group. By adjusting the pH value of water, the completely opposite extreme wetting states for oil in water are precisely controlled. Simultaneously, the extreme repellence for water in the air can be kept owing to the fairly low surface energy of the perfluoroalkyl chain. This discovery accelerates the subdivision of superwettability and the achievement of unusual superwetting switching.

中文翻译：

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在保持超疏水性的​​同时，在水下超亲油性和水下超疏油性之间进行精细切换

已经广泛地设计了在超疏水性/水下超亲油性和超亲水性/水下超疏油性之间的切换。近来，超润湿性被细分为油，水和空气的多个极端润湿状态，作为润湿阶段和中间阶段。但是，在多重超润湿性之间进行精细切换的情况很少。在这里，提出了一个pH响应的案例，以证明在保持超疏水性的​​同时，在水下超亲油性和水下超疏油性之间进行精细切换。防水的全氟烷基和烷基链以及灵巧的末端羧基可以精细地控制粗糙化银镀铜层的表面化学性质。通过调节水的pH值，可以精确控制水中油的完全相反的极端润湿状态。同时，由于全氟烷基链的表面能非常低，因此可以保持空气中极高的排斥性。这一发现加快了超润湿性的细分速度，并实现了非常规的超润湿转换。