Abstract The rapid development of electrical energy storage (EES) technology is urgent for the exploitation of the supercapacitors with high energy density. The electrode plays a crucial role in the performance of supercapacitor. In this research, a basic magnesium-doped nickel-based (BMDNB) electrode material is successfully synthesized on a foamed nickel substrate by one-step hydrothermal method. After optimizing synthesis condition, the material has a unique card-on-lawn structure, nanocards are grown on a uniform honeycomb lawn array. The unique structure and compositions endow BMDNB prominent morphological features and excellent electrochemical properties. Using the BMDNB and active carbon as electrodes, an asymmetric supercapacitor (BMDNB//AC ASC) is assembled with a voltage window of 1.8 V. The ASC device achieves a maximum energy density of 74.9 Wh∙kg−1 at a power density of 1086.8 W∙kg−1. The energy density is comparable with the state-of-the-art level of the reported Ni(Mg)-based supercapacitors.

中文翻译：

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用于高能量密度超级电容器的具有草图结构的碱性掺镁镍基电极

摘要 电能存储（EES）技术的快速发展对开发高能量密度超级电容器迫在眉睫。电极对超级电容器的性能起着至关重要的作用。本研究通过一步水热法在泡沫镍基材上成功合成了一种碱性掺镁镍基（BMDNB）电极材料。优化合成条件后，该材料具有独特的卡对草坪结构，纳米卡生长在均匀的蜂窝状草坪阵列上。独特的结构和成分赋予了 BMDNB 突出的形态特征和优异的电化学性能。使用 BMDNB 和活性炭作为电极，组装了一个电压窗口为 1.8 V 的非对称超级电容器（BMDNB//AC ASC）。ASC 器件在 1086.8 W∙kg-1 的功率密度下实现了 74.9 Wh∙kg-1 的最大能量密度。能量密度与已报道的基于 Ni(Mg) 的超级电容器的最新水平相当。