One of the main objectives of the food industry is to guarantee food safety by providing innocuous food products. Therefore, this sector must consider all the possible biotic or abiotic contamination routes from the entry of raw materials to the release of the final product. Currently, one important problem in this regard is the presence of biofilms on food contact surfaces which can transmit pathogens such as L. monocytogenes. In industrial conditions biofilms are found in a mature state, so it is essential that when carrying out removal effectiveness studies in vitro the tests are realized with models that produce these structures in a similarly mature state. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an alternative treatment (i.e. enzymatic detergent that include natural antimicrobial agents) and a conventional treatment (i.e. chlorinated alkaline) for the elimination of mature L. monocytogenes biofilms. The results showed a cell detachment from the formed mature biofilms with an effectivity of between 74.75%-97.73% and 53.94%-94.02% for the enzymatic treatment and the chlorinated alkaline detergent, respectively. On a qualitative level, it was observed that the dispersion in the structure was much higher for the enzymatic treatment than for the chlorinated alkaline, which continued to show obvious structure integrity. All this leads to the conclusion that treatments with an enzymatic detergent have a significantly greater impact on the removal of mature L. monocytogenes biofilms, although a further disinfection process would be needed, enhancing even more the treatment effectivity. This may imply that the industrial approach to addressing this problem should be modified to include new perspectives that are more effective than traditional ones.

中文翻译：

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去除伊比利亚猪加工厂食品接触表面分离的单核细胞增生李斯特菌野生菌株形成的成熟生物膜的新方法。

食品工业的主要目标之一是通过提供无害食品来保证食品安全。因此，该部门必须考虑从原材料进入到最终产品释放的所有可能的生物或非生物污染途径。当前，在这方面的一个重要问题是食物接触表面上存在生物膜，其可以传播病原体，例如单核细胞增生李斯特菌。在工业条件下，发现生物膜处于成熟状态，因此在进行体外去除效果研究时，必须使用能够以类似成熟状态产生这些结构的模型来实现测试，这一点至关重要。这项研究的主要目的是评估替代治疗的有效性（即 酶洗涤剂，包括天然抗菌剂）和消除成熟的单核细胞增生李斯特菌生物膜的常规处理（即氯化碱）。结果显示，对于酶处理和氯化碱性去污剂，细胞从形成的成熟生物膜上脱落，其有效率分别在74.75％-97.73％和53.94％-94.02％之间。在定性水平上，观察到酶处理的结构分散度比氯化碱的分散度高得多，氯化碱继续显示出明显的结构完整性。所有这些得出的结论是，尽管需要进一步的消毒过程，但用酶促去污剂处理对去除成熟的单核细胞增生李斯特菌生物膜的影响明显更大，进一步提高治疗效果。这可能意味着应该修改解决此问题的工业方法，以包括比传统方法更有效的新方法。