Abstract Mechanical energy storage systems are among the most efficient and sustainable energy storage systems. There are three main types of mechanical energy storage systems; flywheel, pumped hydro and compressed air. This paper discusses the recent advances of mechanical energy storage systems coupled with wind and solar energies in terms of their utilization. It also discusses the advances and evolution in each type and compares them in terms of performance, capacity, response and utilizations. The reviewed studies exhibit all parameters that affect the performance of each storage type in which the configuration of the system has the major effective role. Choosing the suitable mechanical storage type depends on the requirements of each application such as using the flywheel for short duration applications. If long duration is needed, then it is preferred to use either pumped hydro or compressed air storage systems, knowing that the former has higher efficiency while the latter provides a faster start up. For the sake of the environment, it is recommended to use the adiabatic or isothermal compressed air storage. In all cases that combine MESSs with solar or wind energy, the series connection is preferred in order to provide stability and better control strategy.

中文翻译：

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结合风能和太阳能应用的机械储能系统综述

摘要 机械储能系统是最高效、最可持续的储能系统之一。机械储能系统主要有以下三种类型：飞轮、泵送的水力和压缩空气。本文讨论了机械储能系统与风能和太阳能在利用方面的最新进展。它还讨论了每种类型的进步和演变，并在性能、容量、响应和利用率方面对它们进行了比较。审查的研究展示了影响每种存储类型性能的所有参数，其中系统配置具有主要的有效作用。选择合适的机械存储类型取决于每种应用的要求，例如将飞轮用于短期应用。如果需要长时间，那么最好使用抽水蓄能系统或压缩空气存储系统，因为前者效率更高，而后者启动速度更快。为环保起见，建议使用绝热或等温压缩空气储存。在所有将 MESS 与太阳能或风能结合的情况下，串联连接是首选，以提供稳定性和更好的控制策略。