The skin microbiome plays a central role in inflammatory skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis (AD). In AD patients, an imbalance between pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and resident skin symbionts creates a state of dysbiosis which induces immune dysregulation and impairs skin barrier function. There are now exciting new prospects for microbiome‐based interventions for AD prevention. In the hopes of achieving sustained control and management of disease in AD patients, current emerging biotherapeutic strategies aim to harness the skin microbiome associated with health by restoring a more diverse symbiotic skin microbiome, while selectively removing pathogenic S. aureus. Examples of such strategies are demonstrated in skin microbiome transplants, phage‐derived anti‐S. aureus endolysins, monoclonal antibodies, and quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors. However, further understanding of the skin microbiome and its role in AD pathogenesis is still needed to understand how these biotherapeutics alter the dynamics of the microbiome community; to optimize patient selection, drug delivery, and treatment duration; overcome rapid recolonization upon treatment cessation; and improve efficacy to allow these therapeutic options to eventually reach routine clinical practice.

中文翻译：

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特应性皮炎的生物治疗方法

皮肤微生物组在炎性皮肤疾病如特应性皮炎（AD）中起着重要作用。在AD患者中，致病性金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）与常驻皮肤共生体之间的不平衡会导致营养不良状态，从而引起免疫失调并损害皮肤屏障功能。现在，基于微生物组的AD预防干预措施有了令人振奋的新前景。为了实现对AD患者疾病的持续控制和管理，当前新兴的生物治疗策略旨在通过恢复更多样化的共生皮肤微生物组来利用与健康相关的皮肤微生物组，同时选择性地去除致病性金黄色葡萄球菌。。在皮肤微生物组移植，噬菌体来源的抗金黄色葡萄球菌内溶素，单克隆抗体和群体感应（QS）抑制剂中证明了此类策略的实例。然而，仍然需要进一步了解皮肤微生物组及其在AD发病机理中的作用，以了解这些生物疗法如何改变微生物组的动态。优化患者选择，药物输送和治疗持续时间；停止治疗后迅速重新定殖；并提高功效，以使这些治疗选择最终达到常规临床实践。