Schizotypal disorder lies in the schizophrenia spectrum and is widely studied in adult populations. Schizotypal disorder in children (SDc) is less well described. This study examined brain morphological and functional connectivity abnormalities in SDc (12 SDc and 9 typically developing children), focusing on the default mode and executive control brain networks. Results indicated that SDc is associated with reduced grey matter volume (GMV) in superior and medial frontal gyri, and increased resting-state functional connectivity between the superior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule, compared to typically developing children (cluster-level FWE-corrected p < 0.05). The brain structure abnormality (GMV in left superior frontal gyrus) was correlated with clinical symptoms in SDc (r = −0.66, p = 0.026) and functional connectivity abnormality was correlated with extra-dimensional shifting impairments in all participants (r = 0.62, p = 0.011), suggesting their contribution to the underlying mechanisms of clinical presentation. These preliminary results motivate further work to characterize the neural basis of SDc and its significance as a risk factor for later psychosis.

精神分裂症属于精神分裂症，在成人人群中被广泛研究。儿童精神分裂症（SDc）的描述较少。这项研究检查了SDc（12个SDc和9个典型的发育中儿童）的大脑形态和功能连接异常，重点关注默认模式和执行控制大脑网络。结果表明，与典型发育中的儿童相比，SDc与上额内侧和内侧额中回的灰质体积（GMV）降低以及额额上回和顶叶下小叶之间的静息状态功能连接性增加相关（群集水平FWE校正p  ＜0.05）。脑结构异常（左上额回中的GMV）与SDc的临床症状相关（r = -0.66，p  = 0.026），并且所有参与者的功能连接异常均与维度外转移障碍相关（r  = 0.62，p  = 0.011），表明他们对临床表现的潜在机制做出了贡献。这些初步结果促使人们进一步开展工作，以表征SDc的神经基础及其作为后期精神病危险因素的重要性。