Main conclusion The review provides information on the mechanisms underlying the development of spontaneous and pathogen-induced tumors in higher plants. The activation of meristem-specific regulators in plant tumors of various origins suggests the meristem-like nature of abnormal plant hyperplasia. Abstract Plant tumor formation has more than a century of research history. The study of this phenomenon has led to a number of important discoveries, including the development of the Agrobacterium- mediated transformation technique and the discovery of horizontal gene transfer from bacteria to plants. There are two main groups of plant tumors: pathogen-induced tumors (e.g., tumors induced by bacteria, viruses, fungi, insects, etc.), and spontaneous ones, which are formed in the absence of any pathogen in plants with certain genotypes (e.g., interspecific hybrids, inbred lines, and mutants). The causes of the transition of plant cells to tumor growth are different from those in animals, and they include the disturbance of phytohormonal balance and the acquisition of meristematic characteristics by differentiated cells. The aim of this review is to discuss the mechanisms underlying the development of most known examples of plant tumors.

中文翻译：

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植物肿瘤：一百年的研究

主要结论 本综述提供了有关高等植物自发和病原体诱导肿瘤发展机制的信息。各种起源的植物肿瘤中分生组织特异性调节因子的激活表明异常植物增生的分生组织样性质。摘要 植物肿瘤形成已有一个多世纪的研究历史。对这一现象的研究导致了许多重要的发现，包括农杆菌介导的转化技术的发展和从细菌到植物的水平基因转移的发现。植物肿瘤主要有两类：病原体诱导的肿瘤（例如，由细菌、病毒、真菌、昆虫等引起的肿瘤）和自发性肿瘤，它们是在具有某些基因型的植物中在没有任何病原体的情况下形成的。例如，种间杂种、自交系和突变体）。植物细胞向肿瘤生长转变的原因与动物不同，包括植物激素平衡的紊乱和分化细胞获得分生组织特征。本综述的目的是讨论大多数已知植物肿瘤的发展机制。