Parkinson’s disease (PD) is typicaly caractherized by loss of dopaminergic neurons, as well as the presence of mitochondrial impairments. Although physical exercise is known to promote many beneficial effects in healthy subjects, such as enhancing mitocondrial biogenesis and function, it is not clear if these effects are evident after exercise in individuals with PD. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two different protocol durations on motor behavior (aphomorphine and gait tests), mitochondrial biogenesis signaling (PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM), structure (oxidative phosphorylation system protein levels) and respiratory chain activity (complex I) in a unilateral PD rat model. For this, male Wistar rats were injected with 6-hydroxydopamine unilaterally into the striatum and submitted to an intermitent moderate treadmill exercise for one or four weeks. In the gait test, only stride width data revealed an improvement after one week of exercise. On the other hand, after 4 weeks of the exercise protocol all gait parameters analyzed and the aphomorphine test demonstrated a recovery. Analysis of protein revealed that one week of exercise was able to prevent PGC-1α and NRF-1 expression decrease in PD animals. In addition, after four weeks of physical exercise, besides PGC-1α and NRF-1, reduction in TFAM and complex I protein levels and increased complex I activity were also prevented in PD animals. Thus, our results suggest a neuroprotective and progressive effect of intermittent treadmill exercise, which could be related to its benefits on mitochondrial biogenesis signaling and respiratory chain modulation of the dopaminergic system in PD.

中文翻译：

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体育锻炼可防止 6-羟基多巴胺帕金森病大鼠模型中的线粒体改变

帕金森病 (PD) 的典型特征是多巴胺能神经元的丧失以及线粒体损伤。尽管众所周知，体育锻炼可以对健康受试者产生许多有益的影响，例如增强线粒体的生物发生和功能，但尚不清楚这些影响在帕金森病患者中运动后是否明显。本研究的目的是研究两种不同的方案持续时间对运动行为（阿吗啡和步态测试）、线粒体生物发生信号（PGC-1α、NRF-1 和 TFAM）、结构（氧化磷酸化系统蛋白水平）和呼吸的影响。单侧 PD 大鼠模型中的链活性（复合物 I）。为此，将雄性 Wistar 大鼠单侧注射 6-羟基多巴胺至纹状体，并进行间歇性适度的跑步机运动一到四个星期。在步态测试中，只有步幅数据显示锻炼一周后有所改善。另一方面，经过 4 周的锻炼方案后，对所有步态参数进行了分析，并且阿吗啡测试显示其已恢复。蛋白质分析显示，一周的运动能够防止PD动物中PGC-1α和NRF-1表达的下降。此外，经过4周的体育锻炼，除了PGC-1α和NRF-1之外，PD动物中TFAM和复合物I蛋白水平的降低以及复合物I活性的增加也被阻止。因此，我们的结果表明间歇性跑步机运动具有神经保护和渐进作用，这可能与其对帕金森病患者线粒体生物发生信号传导和多巴胺能系统呼吸链调节的益处有关。