Abstract Potassium ion hybrid capacitors (PIHCs) have drawn considerable attention due to the fact that they can combine the merits of high energy density of potassium ion batteries (KIBs) and high power density of supercapacitors. However, the sluggish kinetics caused by the large radius of K+ largely hinder the practical application of PIHCs. In this work, we report a nitrogen and sulfur co-doped 3D hierarchical porous carbon (N, S-3DHPC-600) as an anode for KIBs, possessing boosted potassium storage performance in terms of high reversible capacity, superior durability and rate capability. This N, S-3DHPC-600 electrode provides a large surface area, highly interconnected micro/mesoporosity, high ratio of pyridinic N/pyrrolic N and enlarged interlayer distance, which could promote the fast intercalation/deintercalation of K+, improve the surface charge capacity and maintain the structural stability of electrode material. As expected, a PIHCs device is constructed by employing this N, S-3DHPC-600 as an anode and AC-800 as a cathode, delivering exceptionally high energy/power densities (130.6 Wh Kg−1/16800W Kg−1), as well as a long cycle life (86.8% capacity retention after 5000cycles).

中文翻译：

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由分级多孔、大层间距、活性位点富氮、硫共掺杂碳实现的高性能钾离子电容器

摘要 钾离子混合电容器（PIHCs）由于结合了钾离子电池（KIBs）的高能量密度和超级电容器的高功率密度的优点而备受关注。然而，由大半径 K+ 引起的缓慢动力学在很大程度上阻碍了 PIHC 的实际应用。在这项工作中，我们报告了一种氮和硫共掺杂的 3D 分层多孔碳（N，S-3DHPC-600）作为 KIB 的阳极，在高可逆容量、优异的耐久性和倍率能力方面具有提高的钾存储性能。这种 N, S-3DHPC-600 电极提供了大表面积、高度互连的微孔/介孔、高吡啶 N/吡咯 N 比和更大的层间距，可以促进 K+ 的快速嵌入/脱嵌，提高表面电荷容量，保持电极材料的结构稳定性。正如预期的那样，PIHCs 器件是通过使用这种 N、S-3DHPC-600 作为阳极和 AC-800 作为阴极来构建的，提供极高的能量/功率密度（130.6 Wh Kg-1/16800W Kg-1），如以及长循环寿命（5000 次循环后容量保持率为 86.8%）。