The robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has been widely applied in recent years; however, only a few studies are reported about long-term urinary continence after surgery. The present study aimed to examine the outcomes of continence rates (CRs) and determine the risk and protective factors of urinary continence in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) undergoing RARP. This retrospective study included 650 patients treated with RARP with perioperative data and at least one year of follow-up from September 2009 to November 2017. Also, the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative parameters of the patients were analyzed. Continence was defined as no pad use. Early and late continence was defined as the return of urinary continence within 3 months and beyond 12 months post-surgery, respectively. CRs were examined from 1 to 48 months postoperatively. Logistic regression analysis evaluated the association between the predictive factors and urinary continence in the early and late stages. No significant difference was detected in the CR from 12 to 48 months postoperatively (P = 0.766). Logistic regression analysis proved that pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) was a significant risk factor of urinary continence at 1 month. Nerve-sparing (NS) was a significant protective factor of urinary continence at 1, 3, and 6 months. Advanced age was an independent risk factor of urinary continence at 6, 12, and 24 months. Other variables were not statistically significant predictors of urinary continence. The current results demonstrated that CR gradually improved with time within 1 year and stabilized 1 year after the surgery. PLND, NS, and age were significant determinants of continence in the early and late stages, respectively. These parameters could be used for preoperative identification of patients at high risk and counseling about postoperative expectations for urinary continence.

中文翻译：

---

机器人辅助根治性前列腺切除术患者四年随访的尿失禁结果及早期和晚期尿失禁的预测指标

近年来，机器人辅助根治性前列腺切除术（RARP）已得到广泛应用。但是，只有少数研究报道了术后长期尿失禁。本研究旨在检查尿失禁率（CRs）的结果，并确定接受RARP的前列腺癌（PCa）患者尿失禁的风险和保护因素。这项回顾性研究包括650例接受RARP治疗的患者的围手术期数据，并从2009年9月至2017年11月进行了至少一年的随访。此外，还分析了患者的术前，术中和术后参数。失禁被定义为不使用护垫。早期和晚期尿失禁的定义分别是术后3个月内和术后12个月后尿失禁的恢复。术后1至48个月检查CR。Logistic回归分析评估了早期和晚期预测因素与尿失禁之间的关联。术后12到48个月的CR没有发现显着差异（P = 0.766）。Logistic回归分析证明，盆腔淋巴结清扫（PLND）是1个月尿失禁的重要危险因素。保留神经（NS）是在1、3和6个月时尿失禁的重要保护因素。高龄是6、12和24个月尿失禁的独立危险因素。其他变量不是尿失禁的统计学显着预测因子。目前的结果表明，CR在1年内随时间逐渐改善，并在术后1年内稳定下来。PLND，NS，年龄和年龄分别是早期和晚期节制的重要决定因素。这些参数可用于高危患者的术前识别和咨询术后对尿失禁的期望。