Cytochrome P450 (P450) 2E1 is the major P450 enzyme involved in ethanol metabolism. That role is shared with two other enzymes that oxidize ethanol, alcohol dehydrogenase and catalase. P450 2E1 is also involved in the bioactivation of a number of low molecular weight cancer suspects, as validated in vivo in mouse models where cancers could be attenuated by deletion of Cyp2e1. P450 2E1 does not have a role in global production of reactive oxygen species but localized roles are possible, e.g. in mitochondria. The structures, conformations, and catalytic mechanisms of P450 2E1 have some unusual features among P450s. The concentration of hepatic P450 varies ≥10-fold among humans, possibly in part due to single nucleotide variants. The level of P450 2E1 may have relevance in the rates of oxidation of drugs, particularly acetaminophen and anesthetics.

中文翻译：

---

细胞色素 P450 2E1 及其在疾病中的作用。

细胞色素 P450 (P450) 2E1 是参与乙醇代谢的主要 P450 酶。该作用与其他两种氧化乙醇的酶，乙醇脱氢酶和过氧化氢酶共享。P450 2E1 还参与了许多低分子量癌症嫌疑人的生物活化，正如在小鼠模型中体内验证的那样，通过缺失 Cyp2e1 可以减弱癌症。P450 2E1 在活性氧的全球生产中没有作用，但局部作用是可能的，例如在线粒体中。P450 2E1 的结构、构象和催化机制在 P450 中具有一些不寻常的特征。肝脏 P450 的浓度在人类中变化 ≥ 10 倍，部分原因可能是单核苷酸变异。P450 2E1 的水平可能与药物的氧化速率有关，特别是对乙酰氨基酚和麻醉剂。