The tight coordination between mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy can be dysregulated during aging, critically influencing whole-body metabolism, health, and lifespan. To date, caloric restriction (CR) appears to be the most effective intervention strategy to improve mitochondrial turnover in aging organisms. The development of pharmacological mimetics of CR has gained attention as an attractive and potentially feasible approach to mimic the CR phenotype. Polyphenols, ubiquitously present in fruits and vegetables, have emerged as well-tolerated CR mimetics that target mitochondrial turnover. Here, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that orchestrate mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy, and we summarize the current knowledge of how CR promotes mitochondrial maintenance and to what extent different polyphenols may mimic CR and coordinate mitochondrial biogenesis and clearance.

中文翻译：

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多酚作为热量限制模拟物调节线粒体生物发生和线粒体自噬

线粒体生物发生和线粒体自噬之间的紧密协调在衰老过程中可能失调，严重影响全身新陈代谢、健康和寿命。迄今为止，热量限制 (CR) 似乎是改善衰老生物体线粒体更新的最有效干预策略。CR 的药理学模拟物的开发作为一种有吸引力且潜在可行的方法来模拟 CR 表型已引起人们的关注。普遍存在于水果和蔬菜中的多酚已成为耐受性良好的 CR 模拟物，其靶向线粒体更新。在这里，我们讨论了协调线粒体生物发生和线粒体自噬的分子机制，