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Comparative transcriptomic analysis of deep- and shallow-water barnacle species (Cirripedia, Poecilasmatidae) provides insights into deep-sea adaptation of sessile crustaceans
BMC Genomics ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-17 , DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6642-9
Zhibin Gan , Jianbo Yuan , Xinming Liu , Dong Dong , Fuhua Li , Xinzheng Li

Barnacles are specialized marine organisms that differ from other crustaceans in possession of a calcareous shell, which is attached to submerged surfaces. Barnacles have a wide distribution, mostly in the intertidal zone and shallow waters, but a few species inhabit the deep-sea floor. It is of interest to investigate how such sessile crustaceans became adapted to extreme deep-sea environments. We sequenced the transcriptomes of a deep-sea barnacle, Glyptelasma gigas collected at a depth of 731 m from the northern area of the Zhongjiannan Basin, and a shallow-water coordinal relative, Octolasmis warwicki. The purpose of this study was to provide genetic resources for investigating adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea barnacles. Totals of 62,470 and 51,585 unigenes were assembled for G. gigas and O. warwicki, respectively, and functional annotation of these unigenes was made using public databases. Comparison of the protein-coding genes between the deep- and shallow-water barnacles, and with those of four other shallow-water crustaceans, revealed 26 gene families that had experienced significant expansion in G. gigas. Functional annotation showed that these expanded genes were predominately related to DNA repair, signal transduction and carbohydrate metabolism. Base substitution analysis on the 11,611 single-copy orthologs between G. gigas and O. warwicki indicated that 25 of them were distinctly positive selected in the deep-sea barnacle, including genes related to transcription, DNA repair, ligand binding, ion channels and energy metabolism, potentially indicating their importance for survival of G. gigas in the deep-sea environment. The barnacle G. gigas has adopted strategies of expansion of specific gene families and of positive selection of key genes to counteract the negative effects of high hydrostatic pressure, hypoxia, low temperature and food limitation on the deep-sea floor. These expanded gene families and genes under positive selection would tend to enhance the capacities of G. gigas for signal transduction, genetic information processing and energy metabolism, and facilitate networks for perceiving and responding physiologically to the environmental conditions in deep-sea habitats. In short, our results provide genomic evidence relating to deep-sea adaptation of G. gigas, which provide a basis for further biological studies of sessile crustaceans in the deep sea.

中文翻译:

对深水和浅水藤壶物种(Cirripedia,Poecilasmatidae)进行的转录组比较分析为无柄甲壳动物的深海适应提供了见识。

藤壶是特殊的海洋生物,与其他甲壳类动物不同,其拥有钙质壳,该壳附着在水下表面。藤壶分布广泛,主要分布在潮间带和浅水区,但少数种类栖息在深海底。研究这种无柄甲壳动物如何适应极端的深海环境是很有意义的。我们对从中建南盆地北部地区731 m深度采集的深海藤本植物Glyptelasma gigas的转录组进行了测序,并对一个浅水配属亲缘种Octolasmis warwicki进行了测序。这项研究的目的是为调查深海藤壶的适应机制提供遗传资源。G. gigas和O. warwicki分别装配了62,470和51,585个单基因。这些单基因的功能注释是使用公共数据库进行的。比较深水和浅水藤壶与其他四个浅水甲壳动物的蛋白质编码基因,发现有26个基因家族在G. gigas中经历了显着扩展。功能注释表明,这些扩展的基因主要与DNA修复,信号转导和碳水化合物代谢有关。对G. gigas和O. warwicki之间的11,611个单拷贝直系同源物的碱基取代分析表明,它们中的25个在深海藤壶中具有明显的阳性选择,包括与转录,DNA修复,配体结合,离子通道和能量有关的基因代谢,可能表明它们对于深海环境中的G. gigas生存至关重要。藤壶G. gigas采用了扩展特定基因家族和积极选择关键基因的策略,以抵消高静水压力,缺氧,低温和食物限制对深海海底的不利影响。这些扩大的基因家族和正选择下的基因将倾向于增强G. gigas对信号转导,遗传信息处理和能量代谢的能力,并促进网络对深海生境的环境条件进行感知和生理反应。简而言之,我们的结果提供了与G. gigas深海适应有关的基因组证据,为进一步研究深海无柄甲壳类动物提供了基础。
更新日期:2020-03-19
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