Carbon-based nanomaterials have potential applications in nanoenabled agriculture. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying single-walled carbon nanohorn (SWCNH)-mediated plant growth remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of SWCNHs on Arabidopsis grown in ¹/₄-strength Murashige and Skoog medium via physiological, genetic, and molecular analyses. Treatment with 0.1 mg/L SWCNHs promoted primary root (PR) growth and lateral root (LR) formation; 50 and 100 mg/L SWCNHs inhibited PR growth. Treatment with 0.1 mg/L SWCNHs increased the lengths of the meristematic and elongation zones, and transcriptomic and genetic analyses confirmed the positive effects of SWCNHs on root tip stem cell niche activity and meristematic cell division potential. Increased expression of YUC3 and YUC5 and increased PIN2 abundance improved PR growth and LR development in 0.1 mg/L SWCNH-treated seedlings. Metabolomic analyses revealed that SWCNHs altered the levels of sugars, amino acids, and organic acids, suggesting that SWCNHs reprogrammed carbon/nitrogen metabolism in plants. SWCNHs also regulate plant growth and development by increasing the levels of several secondary metabolites; transcriptomic analyses further supported these results. The present results are valuable for continued use of SWCNHs in agri-nanotechnology, and these molecular approaches could serve as examples for studies on the effects of nanomaterials in plants.

中文翻译：

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生理，代谢和转录组学分析揭示了拟南芥幼苗对碳纳米角的反应。

碳基纳米材料在纳米农业中具有潜在的应用。但是，单壁碳纳米角（SWCNH）介导的植物生长的生理和分子机制仍不清楚。在这里，我们调查SWCNHs对影响拟南芥中长大的¹ / ₄生理，遗传和分子分析提高Murashige和Skoog培养基的强度。用0.1 mg / L的SWCNHs处理可促进主根（PR）生长和侧根（LR）形成；50和100 mg / L SWCNHs抑制PR生长。用0.1 mg / L SWCNHs处理可增加分生和延伸区的长度，转录组学和遗传分析证实SWCNHs对根尖干细胞生态位活性和分生细胞分裂潜能具有积极作用。YUC3和YUC5的表达增加PIN2丰度的提高改善了0.1 mg / L SWCNH处理的幼苗的PR生长和LR发育。代谢组学分析表明，SWCNHs改变了糖，氨基酸和有机酸的水平，这表明SWCNHs重新编程了植物中的碳/氮代谢。SWCNHs还通过增加几种次生代谢产物的水平来调节植物的生长和发育。转录组分析进一步支持了这些结果。目前的结果对于SWCNHs在农业纳米技术中的继续使用是有价值的，这些分子方法可作为研究纳米材料在植物中的作用的实例。