Superhydrophobic surfaces have received tremendous attention worldwide. However, the synthesis of a superhydrophobic surface possessing two paradoxical characteristic properties – stability and transparency, is a vital aspect that has been addressed in this paper. The surface was fabricated by an environmentally friendly process, which used distilled water for the dissolution of SiO₂ nanoparticles in the presence of surfactants, instead of organic solvents. Moreover, the surface was transparent and had self-cleaning properties and stability. The optimal balance of roughness and multi-porous structure imparted excellent transparency to this surface. Importantly, both the conformal coating and the SiO₂ nanoparticles embedded in the half solidified conformal coating contributed to the excellent stability, thus overcoming the paradox. The surface could withstand a temperature of 150 °C for 24 h and also different temperature regimes between 0–200 °C for 2 h. In addition, this surface could resist repeated scratches and abrasion as well as strong acids and alkali. The surface achieved its self-cleaning ability due to the introduction of surfactants containing the F element. This simple but novel strategy and surface have the advantages of high safety, low cost and environmental-friendliness.

中文翻译：

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制作水性，超疏水，自清洁，高度透明和稳定的表面

超疏水表面已在全世界引起了极大的关注。然而，具有两个悖论的特性-稳定性和透明性的超疏水表面的合成是本文已讨论的重要方面。该表面是通过环保方法制造的，该方法使用蒸馏水在表面活性剂而非有机溶剂存在下溶解SiO ₂纳米颗粒。而且，该表面是透明的并且具有自清洁性能和稳定性。粗糙度和多孔​​结构的最佳平衡赋予了该表面出色的透明度。重要的是，保形涂层和SiO ₂嵌入半固化保形涂层中的纳米颗粒有助于实现出色的稳定性，从而克服了悖论。表面可以承受150°C的温度24小时，也可以承受0–200°C的不同温度范围2小时。另外，该表面可以抵抗反复的刮擦和磨损以及强酸和强碱。由于引入了含有F元素的表面活性剂，表面实现了自清洁能力。这种简单而新颖的策略和表面具有高安全性，低成本和环保的优点。