Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common focal entrapment mononeuropathy, comprising medium nerve chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Although carpal tunnel release surgery (CTRS) has demonstrated to be effective, around 3% to 25% of CTRS show recurrence. Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) has been used in different pathologies inhibiting inflammation and fibrosis and promoting nerve repair. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of AMT in CTRS. The present study comprised a randomized, single‐blind controlled trial to compare the 1‐year follow‐up outcomes of AMT in CTRS (AMT group) or CTRS alone (control group) in patients with CTS. Thirty‐five patients with unilateral or bilateral CTS were enrolled, and 47 wrists were randomized into two groups: the AMT group and the control group. To compare the outcomes, three different questionnaires scores (Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, and Historical‐Objective scale) were used. Evaluations were assessed at baseline and at 15 days, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Compared with the control group, the AMT group showed significant (p < 0.05) reductions in all scores from 6 months after surgery until the end of the study. Both AMT and control groups showed significant intragroup differences in all scores, since the first month after surgery until the end of the study in comparison with the baseline scores. Taken together, these results indicate that CTRS in conjunction with AMT is more effective than CTRS alone in patients with CTS at 1‐year follow‐up.

中文翻译：

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单独进行羊膜移植和腕管综合征释放手术（CTRS）和CTRS的比较：1年随访的临床结果。

腕管综合症（CTS）是最常见的局灶性包埋性单神经病，包括中神经慢性炎症和纤维化。尽管腕管松开术（CTRS）已被证明是有效的，但约3％至25％的CTRS复发。羊膜移植（AMT）已被用于抑制炎症和纤维化并促进神经修复的不同病理学中。这项研究的目的是确定AMT在CTRS中的疗效。本研究包括一项随机，单盲对照试验，以比较CTS患者在CTRS（AMT组）或单独CTRS（对照组）中AMT的1年随访结果。研究入选了35例单侧或双侧CTS患者，并将47只手腕随机分为两组：AMT组和对照组。为了比较结果，使用了三个不同的调查问卷评分（波士顿腕管综合症问卷，手臂，肩膀和手部残疾以及历史客观量表）。在基线以及手术后15天，1、3、6和12个月时进行评估。与对照组相比，AMT组显示出明显的（p <0.05）从手术后6个月到研究结束的所有评分均降低。自手术后第一个月到研究结束，AMT组和对照组在所有评分上均显示出明显的组内差异，与基线评分相比。综上所述，这些结果表明，在随访1年的患者中，CTRS联合AMT比单独使用CTRS更有效。