Abstract

A biopolymeric hybrid membrane, viz. lanthanum interconnected carboxymethylcellulose-bentonite (La@CMC-Bt) was prepared successfully and utilized for the remediation of phosphate and nitrate ions from water. The various adsorption influencing parameters such as agitation time, adsorbent dosage, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized. The physiochemical properties of the La@CMC-Bt membrane was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis (TGA–DSC), scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis with mapping analysis, and atomic force microscopy to clarify the phosphate and nitrate adsorption mechanism. The La@CMC-Bt membrane showed superior adsorption capacity at 80.2 and 67.7 mg/g for phosphate and nitrate ions, respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetic studies were calculated using reaction and diffusion-based kinetic models. The thermodynamic parameters like ΔG°, ΔS° and ΔH° have revealed that the nature of the adsorption process was favourable, spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The experimental results indicate that the possible mechanism of phosphate and nitrate adsorption onto La@CMC-Bt membrane was governed by the adsorption mechanisms like complexation, electrostatic interaction followed by ion exchange. The suitability at the field condition was carried out with the eutrophicated water sample taken from the nearby eutrophic endemic area. Therefore, based on the high efficiency and low-cost of La@CMC-Bt membrane, to be an ideal candidate to remove phosphate and nitrate ions from water/wastewater.

中文翻译：

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生物高分子杂化膜的性能评估及其机械修复水中磷酸根和硝酸根离子的方法

摘要

生物聚合物杂化膜，即。成功制备了相互连接的镧系羧甲基纤维素-膨润土（La @ CMC-Bt），用于修复水中的磷酸根和硝酸根离子。优化了各种影响吸附的参数，例如搅拌时间，吸附剂用量，溶液的pH，共阴离子和温度。La @ CMC-Bt膜的理化性质通过傅里叶变换红外光谱，X射线衍射，热分析（TGA-DSC），扫描电子显微镜，能谱X射线分析（带有作图分析）和原子力显微镜来表征阐明磷酸盐和硝酸盐的吸附机理。La @ CMC-Bt膜对磷酸根离子和硝酸根离子的吸附能力分别为80.2和67.7 mg / g。此外，使用基于反应和扩散的动力学模型计算吸附动力学研究。像ΔG°，ΔS°和ΔH°这样的热力学参数表明，吸附过程的性质是有利的，自发的并且是吸热的。实验结果表明，磷酸盐和硝酸盐吸附在La @ CMC-Bt膜上的可能机理是由络合，静电相互作用和离子交换等吸附机理决定的。现场条件适用于从附近富营养化地方病区采集的富营养化水样。因此，基于La @ CMC-Bt膜的高效率和低成本，它是从水/废水中去除磷酸盐和硝酸根离子的理想选择。