Abstract This work scrutinizes a versatile process during which amphiphilic copolymers (made of styrene and sulfobetaine methacrylate, ethylene glycol methacrylate or vinylpyrrolidone) are simultaneously copolymerized and coated on microporous poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes. Changing the nature of the hydrophilic monomer and the reaction conditions, it is possible to regulate the wetting properties of the membranes by water and oil. The main surface physical properties of the membranes were not modified for a reaction/deposition bath containing up to 50% styrene monomer, but larger styrene amounts led to aggregate formation. A 50% molar ratio in hydrophobic/hydrophilic unit led to a suitable balance between stability and hydration, resulting in optimized water permeation and oil repellence. Gravity-driven separation of oily wastewaters was doable with all selected membranes (St50S50, St50P50 and St50V50) and oils tested (toluene, hexane, diesel). Nevertheless, it is highlighted that PEGylated surfaces offer the best overall compromise between separation kinetic and separation efficiency. Results also suggested that zwitterionization with larger amounts of zwitterionic monomers is not practical, possibly because it leads to a hydration layer too tight, which slows down the gravity-driven separation. This study demonstrates the effectiveness/versatility of this surface modification method to quickly hydrophilize PVDF membranes applied to energy-efficient separation of emulsions.

中文翻译：

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用于油/水分离的同时两亲聚合物合成和膜功能化

摘要 这项工作仔细研究了一个多功能的过程，在该过程中，两亲性共聚物（由苯乙烯和磺基甜菜碱甲基丙烯酸酯、乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯或乙烯基吡咯烷酮制成）同时共聚并涂覆在微孔聚偏二氟乙烯 (PVDF) 膜上。改变亲水单体的性质和反应条件，可以调节水和油对膜的润湿性能。对于含有高达 50% 苯乙烯单体的反应/沉积浴，膜的主要表面物理性质没有改变，但较大的苯乙烯量会导致聚集体形成。疏水/亲水单元中 50% 的摩尔比导致稳定性和水合作用之间的适当平衡，从而优化了水渗透性和拒油性。使用所有选定的膜（St50S50、St50P50 和 St50V50）和测试的油（甲苯、己烷、柴油）都可以实现含油废水的重力驱动分离。尽管如此，值得注意的是聚乙二醇化表面在分离动力学和分离效率之间提供了最佳的整体折衷。结果还表明，使用大量两性离子单体进行两性离子化是不切实际的，这可能是因为它会导致水合层太紧，从而减慢重力驱动的分离速度。这项研究证明了这种表面改性方法的有效性/多功能性，可快速亲水化应用于乳液节能分离的 PVDF 膜。值得强调的是，聚乙二醇化表面在分离动力学和分离效率之间提供了最佳的整体折衷。结果还表明，使用大量两性离子单体进行两性离子化是不切实际的，这可能是因为它会导致水合层太紧，从而减慢重力驱动的分离速度。这项研究证明了这种表面改性方法的有效性/多功能性，可快速亲水化应用于乳液节能分离的 PVDF 膜。值得强调的是，聚乙二醇化表面在分离动力学和分离效率之间提供了最佳的整体折衷。结果还表明，使用大量两性离子单体进行两性离子化是不切实际的，这可能是因为它会导致水合层太紧，从而减慢重力驱动的分离速度。这项研究证明了这种表面改性方法的有效性/多功能性，可快速亲水化应用于乳液节能分离的 PVDF 膜。