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Efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Sleep Medicine Reviews ( IF 10.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101312
Gonzalo Labarca 1 , Jorge Dreyse 2 , Lauren Drake 3 , Jorge Jorquera 2 , Ferran Barbe 4
Affiliation  

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly occurs in patients with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the preferred therapy for these patients. The aim of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of CPAP for CV prevention in OSA patients. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two independent reviewers explored different databases and evaluated the risk of bias. Outcomes were defined as the relative risk (RR) of major CV events (MACEs), CV mortality, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke, atrial fibrillation (Afrib) and heart failure. We performed both subgroup and meta-regression analyses by sleepiness status, adherence, and OSA severity. The certainty of evidence was rated according to GRADE. A total of 8 RCTs and 5817 participants were included. The results showed an RR of 0.87 (CI, 0.70–1.10) for MACEs, an RR of 0.94 (CI, 0.62–1.43) for CV mortality, an RR of 1.04 (CI, 0.79–1.37) for myocardial infarction, an RR of 1.05 (CI, 0.51–2.15) for unstable angina, an RR of 0.92 (CI, 0.68–1.23) for heart failure, an RR of 0.94 (CI, 0.71–1.26) for stroke, and an RR of 0.94 (CI, 0.54–1.64) for Afrib. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression revealed no effect on our proposed outcomes. Although there is no evidence that CPAP therapy improves CV outcomes, concerns regarding risk of bias, CPAP adherence, and the population included in each RCT may have reduced the strength of the findings to support the benefit in all patients, and future research exploring these relevant outcomes is needed.

Review register

PROSPERO CRD42019145803.



中文翻译:

持续气道正压通气(CPAP)预防阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者心血管事件的疗效:系统评价和荟萃分析。

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)通常发生在心血管(CV)风险增加的患者中,持续气道正压通气(CPAP)是这些患者的首选治疗方法。这篇综述的目的是评估CPAP在OSA患者中预防心血管的功效。我们对随机对照试验(RCT)进行了系统评价。两名独立的审阅者探索了不同的数据库并评估了偏见的风险。结果定义为主要CV事件(MACE),CV死亡率,心肌梗塞,不稳定型心绞痛,中风,心房颤动(Afrib)和心力衰竭的相对风险(RR)。我们根据嗜睡状态,依从性和OSA严重性进行了亚组和荟萃回归分析。证据的确定性是根据GRADE评定的。总共包括8个RCT和5817名参与者。结果显示,MACE的RR为0.87(CI,0.70-1.10),CV死亡率为0.94(CI,0.62-1.43),心肌梗塞的RR为1.04(CI,0.79-1.37),RR为不稳定型心绞痛的1.05(CI,0.51–2.15),心力衰竭的RR为0.92(CI,0.68–1.23),中风的RR为0.94(CI,0.71–1.26)和0.94(CI,0.54) –1.64)for Afrib。亚组分析和荟萃回归显示对我们提出的结果没有影响。尽管没有证据表明CPAP疗法可改善CV结局,但对偏倚风险,CPAP依从性以及每个RCT中所包括人群的担忧可能降低了支持所有患者获益的研究结果的强度,并且未来的研究探索了这些相关因素。结果是必要的。心肌梗死为0.79–1.37),不稳定型心绞痛的RR为1.05(CI,0.51–2.15),心力衰竭的RR为0.92(CI,0.68–1.23),心衰的RR为0.94(CI,0.71–1.26)卒中,Afrib的RR为0.94(CI,0.54–1.64)。亚组分析和荟萃回归显示对我们提出的结果没有影响。尽管没有证据表明CPAP疗法可改善CV结局,但对偏倚风险,CPAP依从性以及每个RCT中所包括人群的担忧可能降低了支持所有患者获益的研究结果的强度,并且未来的研究探索了这些相关因素结果是必要的。心肌梗死为0.79–1.37),不稳定型心绞痛的RR为1.05(CI,0.51–2.15),心力衰竭的RR为0.92(CI,0.68–1.23),心衰的RR为0.94(CI,0.71–1.26)卒中,Afrib的RR为0.94(CI,0.54–1.64)。亚组分析和荟萃回归显示对我们提出的结果没有影响。尽管没有证据表明CPAP疗法可改善CV结局,但对偏倚风险,CPAP依从性以及每个RCT中所包括人群的担忧可能降低了支持所有患者获益的研究结果的强度,并且未来的研究探索了这些相关因素。结果是必要的。亚组分析和荟萃回归显示对我们提出的结果没有影响。尽管没有证据表明CPAP疗法可改善CV结局,但对偏倚风险,CPAP依从性以及每个RCT中所包括人群的担忧可能降低了支持所有患者获益的研究结果的强度,并且未来的研究探索了这些相关因素。结果是必要的。亚组分析和荟萃回归显示对我们提出的结果没有影响。尽管没有证据表明CPAP疗法可改善CV结局,但对偏倚风险,CPAP依从性以及每个RCT中所包括人群的担忧可能降低了支持所有患者获益的研究结果的强度,并且未来的研究探索了这些相关因素。结果是必要的。

审核注册

PROSPERO CRD42019145803。

更新日期:2020-03-14
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