The production of paper-based bacterial cellulose–chitosan (BC–Ch) nanocomposites was accomplished following two different approaches. In the first, BC paper sheets were produced and then immersed in an aqueous solution of chitosan (BC–ChI); in the second, BC pulp was impregnated with chitosan prior to the production of paper sheets (BC–ChM). BC–Ch nanocomposites were investigated in terms of physical characteristics, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, and the ability to inhibit the formation of biofilms on their surface. The two types of BC–Ch nanocomposites maintained the hydrophobic character, the air barrier properties, and the high crystallinity of the BC paper. However, BC–ChI showed a surface with a denser fiber network and with smaller pores than those of BC–ChM. Only 5% of the chitosan leached from the BC–Ch nanocomposites after 96 h of incubation in an aqueous medium, indicating that it was well retained by the BC paper matrix. BC–Ch nanocomposites displayed antimicrobial activity, inhibiting growth of and having a killing effect against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and yeast Candida albicans. Moreover, BC–Ch papers showed activity against the formation of a biofilm on their surface. The incorporation of chitosan increased the antioxidant activity of the BC paper. Paper-based BC–Ch nanocomposites combined the physical properties of BC paper and the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activities of chitosan.

中文翻译：

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具有抗菌和抗氧化活性的细菌纤维素-壳聚糖纸。

纸基细菌纤维素-壳聚糖（BC-Ch）纳米复合材料的生产是通过两种不同的方法完成的。首先，生产BC纸张，然后将其浸入壳聚糖（BC–ChI）水溶液中。第二种方法是在生产纸页（BC–ChM）之前，用壳聚糖浸渍BC纸浆。研究了BC-Ch纳米复合材料的物理特性，抗菌和抗氧化特性以及抑制其表面生物膜形成的能力。两种类型的BC-Ch纳米复合材料均保持BC纸的疏水性，阻气性和高结晶度。但是，BC–ChI的表面比BC–ChM的纤维网络更致密，孔更小。在水性介质中孵育96小时后，只有5％的壳聚糖从BC-Ch纳米复合材料中浸出，表明它已被BC纸基质很好地保留。BC-Ch纳米复合材料具有抗菌活性，可抑制细菌生长并具有杀灭细菌的作用金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌和酵母白色念珠菌。此外，BC-Ch论文显示了在其表面上抑制生物膜形成的活性。壳聚糖的掺入增加了BC纸的抗氧化活性。纸基BC-Ch纳米复合材料结合了BC纸的物理特性以及壳聚糖的抗微生物，抗生物膜和抗氧化活性。