Previous structural magnetic resonance imaging studies of psychotic disorders have demonstrated volumetric alterations in subcortical (ie, the basal ganglia, thalamus) and temporolimbic structures, which are involved in high-order cognition and emotional regulation. However, it remains unclear whether individuals at high risk for psychotic disorders with minimal confounding effects of medication exhibit volumetric changes in these regions. This multicenter magnetic resonance imaging study assessed regional volumes of the thalamus, caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, globus pallidus, hippocampus, and amygdala, as well as lateral ventricular volume using FreeSurfer software in 107 individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) (of whom 21 [19.6%] later developed psychosis during clinical follow-up [mean = 4.9 years, SD = 2.6 years]) and 104 age- and gender-matched healthy controls recruited at 4 different sites. ARMS individuals as a whole demonstrated significantly larger volumes for the left caudate and bilateral lateral ventricles as well as a smaller volume for the right accumbens compared with controls. In male subjects only, the left globus pallidus was significantly larger in ARMS individuals. The ARMS group was also characterized by left-greater-than-right asymmetries of the lateral ventricle and caudate nucleus. There was no significant difference in the regional volumes between ARMS groups with and without later psychosis onset. The present study suggested that significant volume expansion of the lateral ventricle, caudate, and globus pallidus, as well as volume reduction of the accumbens, in ARMS subjects, which could not be explained only by medication effects, might be related to general vulnerability to psychopathology.

中文翻译：

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处于高风险心理状态的个体的皮层下脑容量异常。

先前对精神病性疾病进行的结构磁共振成像研究表明，皮层下（即基底神经节，丘脑）和颞下颌结构的体积变化，参与了高级认知和情绪调节。但是，尚不清楚在这些区域中，患有精神病性疾病高风险且药物混杂影响最小的个体是否表现出体积变化。这项多中心磁共振成像研究使用FreeSurfer软件评估了107名处于高危精神状态（ARMS）的个体的丘脑，尾状，壳核，伏隔核，苍白球，海马和杏仁核的区域体积以及侧脑室体积（其中21 [19.6％]人后来在临床随访中出现精神病[平均= 4.9年，SD = 2。6岁]）和104个年龄和性别相匹配的健康对照者在4个不同地点进行了募集。与对照组相比，ARMS个体总体上显示出左尾状和双侧侧脑室的容积明显较大，而右伏室的容积较小。仅在男性受试者中，ARMS个体的左苍白球明显更大。ARMS组的特征还在于侧脑室和尾状核的左右不对称性。有无精神病发作的ARMS组之间的区域容量无显着差异。本研究表明，在ARMS受试者中，侧脑室，尾状和苍白球的体积明显增大，伏隔的体积减小，