Abstract A facile one-step co-doped electrodeposition method is proposed to prepare polyaniline (PANI) electrodes with improved supercapacitive properties. During electrodeposition of PANI films, sulfuric acid and perchloric acid simultaneously act as dopants to obtain sulfuric acid and perchloric acid co-doped PANI (SP-PANI) electrode. For comparison, single-doped PANI (i.e., sulfuric acid-doped PANI (S-PANI) and perchloric acid-doped PANI (P-PANI)) electrodes are prepared with the same electrodeposition parameters. Electrochemical measurements indicate that the SP-PANI electrodes exhibit substantially improved electrochemical capacitive properties with respect to single-doped PANI electrodes. This improvement can be attributed to the fact that the co-doping changes the morphology, electrical conductivity, and roughness of the PANI films electrodeposited, thus leading to easy pathway for electron transport and increased electroactive surface area. Moreover, we have demonstrated the feasibility of SP-PANI electrodes for use in high performance flexible solid-state supercapacitors. The assembled supercapacitor with SP-PANI electrodes shows high areal capacitance of 149.3 mF cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2. It also features high mechanical flexibility, good electrochemical capacitive properties, and superior deformation and electrochemical stability, making it have high application potential in flexible electrochemical energy storage.

中文翻译：

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通过一步共掺杂电沉积提高聚苯胺的电化学性能，用于高性能柔性超级电容器应用

摘要 提出了一种简便的一步共掺杂电沉积方法来制备具有改进的超级电容性能的聚苯胺（PANI）电极。在PANI薄膜的电沉积过程中，硫酸和高氯酸同时作为掺杂剂获得硫酸和高氯酸共掺杂PANI（SP-PANI）电极。为了比较，用相同的电沉积参数制备单掺杂PANI（即硫酸掺杂PANI（S-PANI）和高氯酸掺杂PANI（P-PANI））电极。电化学测量表明，相对于单掺杂 PANI 电极，SP-PANI 电极表现出显着改善的电化学电容特性。这种改进可归因于共掺杂改变了形态、电导率、电沉积的PANI薄膜的粗糙度和粗糙度，从而导致电子传输的简单途径和增加的电活性表面积。此外，我们已经证明了 SP-PANI 电极用于高性能柔性固态超级电容器的可行性。带有 SP-PANI 电极的组装超级电容器在 0.5 mA cm-2 下显示出 149.3 mF cm-2 的高面电容。它还具有较高的机械柔韧性、良好的电化学电容性能以及优异的变形和电化学稳定性，使其在柔性电化学储能方面具有很高的应用潜力。我们已经证明了 SP-PANI 电极用于高性能柔性固态超级电容器的可行性。带有 SP-PANI 电极的组装超级电容器在 0.5 mA cm-2 下显示出 149.3 mF cm-2 的高面电容。它还具有较高的机械柔韧性、良好的电化学电容性能以及优异的变形和电化学稳定性，使其在柔性电化学储能方面具有很高的应用潜力。我们已经证明了 SP-PANI 电极用于高性能柔性固态超级电容器的可行性。带有 SP-PANI 电极的组装超级电容器在 0.5 mA cm-2 下显示出 149.3 mF cm-2 的高面电容。它还具有较高的机械柔韧性、良好的电化学电容性能以及优异的变形和电化学稳定性，使其在柔性电化学储能方面具有很高的应用潜力。