Abstract The co-existence of overlapping land rights is an issue of concern as countries strive to secure land tenure rights for improving land productivity. Whereas considerable research has been directed to overlapping rights on customary land, there is limited research on the solutions to overlapping land rights between registered landowners and unregistered occupants. The Mailo tenure in Uganda, which is a case of a century-old impasse between registered owners on one hand and legally recognized unregistered occupants on the other hand, has resisted both political and legislative-based solutions. Yet Mailo tenure accounts for about 20 % of Uganda’s land, including the capital city, major influential towns and high value land. In this paper, we introduce and evaluate the Land Inventory Approach, which is a step by step approach to documentation and formalization of occupancy rights on registered land, with acceptance of landlords and tenants, while maintaining harmony within the community and the political environment. The approach is specifically designed for the Mailo tenure and other similar tenure systems where overlapping land rights are shared between registered owners and legally protected unregistered occupants. The land inventory approach was initiated by GIZ under the Improvement of Land Governance in Uganda (ILGU) project co-funded by the European Union (EU) and the German Government, as part of the Global Program "Responsible Land Policy" for the Special Initiative "One World, No Hunger" (SEWOH) of the Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ). After more than one year of piloting, an assessment was undertaken to review the suitability of the approach to addressing overlapping rights impasse between landlords and tenants on Mailo tenure. The assessment was based on four guiding questions, namely whether the approach: (i) improves the relationship between landlords and tenants, (ii) addresses all land related disputes on Mailo tenure, (iii) provides adequate information for negotiations between landlords and tenants, and (iv) provides an appropriate Fit-For-Purpose (FFP) technological as well as operational/procedural solution. Findings indicate that overall, the approach significantly improved the relationship between landlords and tenants in the areas where the project was successfully piloted. The approach provides the necessary information, such as location and size of tenancies, use of tenancy portions, claims to usufruct rights and proportion of the landlords’ occupied and unoccupied land, which helps further negotiations. The collected information will, if included in the National Land Information System, not only improve transparency in land administration but will also increase the menu of negotiation options and hence empower both the landlords and tenants to reach consensus.

中文翻译：

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评估土地清查方法，以确保乌干达麦洛私人土地上合法和善意的居住者的使用权

摘要 随着各国努力确保土地使用权以提高土地生产力，重叠土地权的共存是一个值得关注的问题。尽管已有大量研究针对传统土地上的重叠权利，但对解决注册土地所有者和未注册占用者之间重叠土地权利的解决方案的研究却很有限。乌干达的麦洛（Mailo）任期一方面是注册所有者，另一方面是法律认可的未注册居住者之间的百年僵局，它抵制了基于政治和立法的解决方案。然而，麦洛土地占乌干达约 20% 的土地，包括首都、主要有影响的城镇和高价值土地。在本文中，我们介绍和评估土地清单方法，这是一种逐步记录和正式确定注册土地的占用权的方法，接受房东和租户，同时保持社区内部和政治环境的和谐。该方法专为 Mailo 保有权和其他类似的保有权系统而设计，在这些系统中，重叠的土地权利在注册所有者和受法律保护的未注册居住者之间共享。土地清查方法由德国国际合作机构根据欧盟 (EU) 和德国政府共同资助的改善乌干达土地治理 (ILGU) 项目发起，作为特别倡议全球计划“负责任的土地政策”的一部分联邦经济合作与发展部（BMZ）的“一个世界，没有饥饿”（SEWOH）。经过一年多的试点，进行了一项评估，以审查在麦洛保有权期间解决房东和租户之间重叠权利僵局的方法的适用性。评估基于四个指导性问题，即该方法是否：(i) 改善房东与租户之间的关系，(ii) 解决所有与麦洛土地有关的土地使用权纠纷，(iii) 为房东与租户之间的谈判提供足够的信息， (iv) 提供适当的适合用途 (FFP) 技术以及操作/程序解决方案。调查结果表明，总体而言，该方法显着改善了项目成功试点地区的房东和租户之间的关系。该方法提供了必要的信息，例如租赁的位置和规模、租赁部分的使用、地主占用和未占用土地的使用权和比例的要求，这有助于进一步谈判。收集到的信息如果被纳入国家土地信息系统，不仅会提高土地管理的透明度，还会增加谈判选项的菜单，从而使房东和租户能够达成共识。