This paper deals with second-order continuous-time linear time-invariant systems by means of a pulse-width modulation (PWM)-type input. In general, it is difficult to analyze and design a PWM system because of its nonlinearity in terms of the duty ratio. In this paper, it is shown that the nonlinearity appearing in the discrete-time model at the sampling instants can be eliminated by varying the location of the pulse as well as the duty ratio.

中文翻译：

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具有PWM型输入的星形二阶系统的控制向量集

本文通过脉宽调制（PWM）型输入处理二阶连续时间线性时不变系统。通常，由于占空比的非线性，很难分析和设计PWM系统。本文表明，通过改变脉冲的位置和占空比可以消除离散时间模型中采样时刻出现的非线性。