The use of herbal medicine among pregnant women is increasing in many low- and high-income countries due to their cost-effectiveness in treatment and ease of access. Research findings across Ethiopia on the prevalence and predictors of herbal medicine use among pregnant women attending antenatal care are highly variable and inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the overall prevalence of the use of herbal medicine and its predictors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Ethiopia. We searched articles in Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, HINARI, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and other sources. The study included a total of eight studies that reported the prevalence and predictors of herbal medicine use among pregnant women from different regions of Ethiopia. Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used to assess heterogeneity. A random effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence. In addition, the association between risk factors and herbal medicine use in pregnant women attending antenatal care were examined. A total of eight studies were included in this review. The pooled prevalence of herbal medicine use among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Ethiopia was 47.77% (95% CI: 28.00–67.55). Subgroup analysis by geographic regions has showed that the highest prevalence (57.49%;95% CI: 53.14, 61.85) was observed in Oromia Region and the lowest prevalence was observed in Addis Ababa (31.39%; 95% CI: 2.83, 79.96). The herbal medicines commonly consumed by women during pregnancy were ginger: 41.11% (95% CI: 25.90, 56.32), damakasse: 34.63% (95% CI: 17.68, 51.58), garlic: 32.98% (95% CI: 22.21, 43.76), tenaadam: 19.59% (95% CI: 7.54, 31.63) and eucalyptus: 4.71% (95% CI: 1.1, 8.26). Mothers’ previous history of self-medication (95% CI: 1.91, 51.35), illness during pregnancy (95% CI: 1.56, 23.91), employment status (95% CI: 3.89, 10.89), educational status (95% CI: 1.52, 2.68), and place of residence (95% CI: 1.86, 3.23) were predictors of herbal medicine use by women during pregnancy. In this study, about half of women attending antenatal care use herbal medicine and it is relatively high. The most commonly consumed herbal medicine during pregnancy was ginger followed by damakasse, garlic, tenaadam and eucalyptus. During pregnancy, it is not known that these most commonly consumed plant species have harmful fetal effects. However, many of the medicinal plant species are poorly studied, and it is not possible to rule out teratogenic effects. Teamwork between healthcare professionals and traditional practitioners to educate on the use of medicinal plants will encourage healthier pregnancies and better health for mothers and infants.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚参加产前保健的孕妇使用草药和预测因素：系统评价和荟萃分析

在许多低收入和高收入国家，由于孕妇在治疗上具有成本效益并且易于获得，因此草药在孕妇中的使用正在增加。埃塞俄比亚各地有关产前保健的草药使用率和预测因素的研究结果差异很大且不一致。因此，这项系统的回顾和荟萃分析旨在评估埃塞俄比亚接受产前护理的孕妇中使用草药及其预测因素的总体患病率。我们搜索了Medline（PubMed），EMBASE，HINARI，Google Scholar，Science Direct，Cochrane Library和其他来源中的文章。该研究共包括八项研究，这些研究报告了埃塞俄比亚不同地区孕妇的草药使用率和预测指标。Cochrane Q检验统计数据和I2检验用于评估异质性。随机效应荟萃分析模型用于估计合并患病率。此外，还对参加产前保健的孕妇的危险因素与草药使用之间的关联进行了检查。该评价共纳入八项研究。在埃塞俄比亚接受产前检查的孕妇中，使用草药的综合患病率为47.77％（95％CI：28.00-67.55）。按地理区域进行的亚组分析显示，在奥罗米亚地区，患病率最高（57.49％； 95％CI：53.14，61.85），在亚的斯亚贝巴的患病率最低（31.39％； 95％CI：2.83、79.96）。妇女在怀孕期间通常食用的草药为生姜：41.11％（95％CI：25.90，56.32），达玛卡西：34.63％（95％CI：17.68，51.58），大蒜：32.98％（95％CI：22.21，43.76），tenaadam：19.59％（95％CI：7.54，31.63）和桉树：4.71％（95％CI：1.1，8.26）。母亲以前的自我服药史（95％CI：1.91，51.35），孕期疾病（95％CI：1.56，23.91），就业状况（95％CI：3.89，10.89），受教育程度（95％CI： 1.52、2.68）和居住地（95％CI：1.86、3.23）是孕妇在怀孕期间使用草药的预测指标。在这项研究中，约有一半接受产前保健的妇女使用草药，而且这一比例相对较高。怀孕期间最常用的草药是姜，其次是达马卡斯，大蒜，替那丹和桉树。在怀孕期间，还不知道这些最常消耗的植物是否具有有害的胎儿效应。但是，许多药用植物种类研究不足，并且不可能排除致畸作用。医护人员和传统从业者之间的团队合作，以就药用植物的使用进行教育，这将鼓励人们更健康地怀孕，并为母亲和婴儿带来更好的健康。