The dynamic prediction of turning force is an effective means to reflect the changing course and characteristics of the force in the whole cutting process. It is very important to model and predict the turning force and analyze its spectrum characteristics. In order to obtain the dynamic turning force, the circular cutting experiment of 12Cr18Ni9 rotary piece was carried out on the numerical control machine ETC1625P. The KISTLER sensor was mounted on the tool head of the machine tool, and the real-time turning forces in three cutting directions were measured. The experimental data show that the turning force fluctuates with the change of displacement in the feed direction. In order to study the complex nonlinear relationship between turning force and cutting parameters, the dynamic turning force was predicted by autoregressive-moving average modeling. The time–frequency analysis of the main turning force was carried out by using Hilbert–Huang transform. The local time–frequency characteristics of the signal were obtained by analyzing the Hilbert amplitude spectrum of the signal. When only one cutting parameter was changed, the maximum amplitude of Hilbert marginal spectrum of turning force signal changed with the change of cutting parameters. The results show that the high-precision modeling of dynamic turning force and the extraction of cutting features can be effectively realized by using autoregressive-moving average and Hilbert–Huang transform.

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基于ARMA和HHT的机床动态车削力预测及特征参数提取

车削力的动态预测是反映整个切削过程中力的变化过程和特征的有效手段。对转动力进行建模和预测并分析其频谱特征非常重要。为了获得动态车削力，在ETC1625P数控机床上进行了12Cr18Ni9回转件的圆弧切削实验。奇思乐传感器安装在机床的刀头上，实时测量三个切削方向的车削力。实验数据表明，转动力随进给方向位移的变化而波动。为了研究车削力与切削参数之间复杂的非线性关系，通过自回归移动平均模型预测动态转向力。主转向力的时频分析采用 Hilbert-Huang 变换。通过分析信号的希尔伯特幅度谱，得到信号的局部时频特性。当仅改变一个切削参数时，转动力信号的希尔伯特边际谱的最大幅度随着切削参数的变化而变化。结果表明，利用自回归移动平均和希尔伯特-黄变换可以有效地实现动态车削力的高精度建模和切削特征的提取。通过分析信号的希尔伯特幅度谱，得到信号的局部时频特性。当仅改变一个切削参数时，转动力信号的希尔伯特边际谱的最大幅度随着切削参数的变化而变化。结果表明，利用自回归移动平均和希尔伯特-黄变换可以有效地实现动态车削力的高精度建模和切削特征的提取。通过分析信号的希尔伯特幅度谱，得到信号的局部时频特性。当仅改变一个切削参数时，转动力信号的希尔伯特边际谱的最大幅度随着切削参数的变化而变化。结果表明，利用自回归移动平均和希尔伯特-黄变换可以有效地实现动态车削力的高精度建模和切削特征的提取。